Introduction
Filariasis, a neglected tropical helminth disease needs vaccine besides mass drug administration for its successful eradication.
Methods
An attempt was made to produce a fusion protein (P-TUFT-ALT-2) of abundant larval transcript protein-2 and Tuftsin to enhance its immunogenicity. The fusion construct was expressed in
Pichia pastoris
, a nonexpensive commercial expression system. This study focused on the evaluation of immunological response produced by P-TUFT-ALT-2 in Balb/c mice.
Result and discussion
P-TUFT-ALT-2 showed an enhanced IgG peak titre compared to
E. coli
expressed E-ALT-2 and
P. pastoris
expressed P-ALT-2. IgG2b, IgG2a and IgG1 production were predominant indicating a balanced Th1/Th2 response. P-TUFT-ALT-2 also induced about 28% and 9.5% higher splenocyte proliferation over control and E-ALT-2 respectively. Splenocytes produced predominant IFN-γ followed by IL-5, IL-2 and IL-10 specifying a balanced Th1/Th2 response. P-TUFT-ALT-2 showed 55% to 80% with an average of 65% cytotoxicity in
B. malayi
L3 larvae in
in vitro
ADCC assay.
Conclusion
This experiment validates P-TUFT-ALT-2 as a potential vaccine candidate for human lymphatic filariasis.