Cloning of an EF-P homologue from Bacteroides fragilis that increases B. fragilis glutamine synthetase activity in Escherichia coli

Abratt, Valerie R.; Mbewe, Moses; Woods, David R.

doi:10.1007/s004380050742

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Subsequently, similar results observed for efp , poxA , and yjeK mutants of Salmonella enterica led to a better description of the coordinated effects of these genes in virulence and stress resistance . EF‐P has also been shown to be involved in cell motility and susceptibility to hyperosmotic conditions in many bacteria . As suggested for eIF5A, these data led to the hypothesis that EF‐P could be involved in the specialized translation of mRNAs.…”

Section: Eif5a Is Now a Translation Elongation Factor As Its Bacterimentioning

confidence: 58%

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eIF5A and EF‐P: two unique translation factors are now traveling the same road

et al. 2014

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Translational control is extremely important in all organisms, and some of its aspects are highly conserved among all primary kingdoms, such as those related to the translation elongation step. The previously classified translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) and its bacterial homologue elongation factor P (EF-P) were discovered in the late 70's and have recently been the object of many studies. eIF5A and EF-P are the only cellular proteins that undergo hypusination and lysinylation, respectively, both of which are unique posttranslational modifications. Herein, we review all the important discoveries related to the biochemical and functional characterization of these factors, highlighting the implication of eIF5A in translation elongation instead of initiation. The findings that eIF5A and EF-P are important for specific cellular processes and play a role in the relief of ribosome stalling caused by specific amino acid sequences, such as those containing prolines reinforce the hypothesis that these factors are involved in specialized translation. Although there are some divergences between these unique factors, recent studies have clarified that they act similarly during protein synthesis. Further studies may reveal their precise mechanism of ribosome activity modulation as well as the mRNA targets that require eIF5A and EF-P for their proper translation.

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Section: Eif5a Is Now a Translation Elongation Factor As Its Bacterimentioning

confidence: 58%

“…36 EF-P has also been shown to be involved in cell motility and susceptibility to hyperosmotic conditions in many bacteria. 78,83,[85][86][87] As suggested for eIF5A, these data led to the hypothesis that EF-P could be involved in the specialized translation of mRNAs.…”

Section: Eif5a Is Now a Translation Elongation Factor As Its Bacterimentioning

confidence: 81%

eIF5A and EF‐P: two unique translation factors are now traveling the same road

et al. 2014

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“…The elongation factor P-dependent genes might code for particular sequences of amino acids, perhaps near the start of translation, that are exceptionally dependent on elongation factor P for translation. An example of this type of specificity is the observation that when the Bacteroides fragilis efp gene was introduced into E. coli, the B. fragilis glutamine synthetase activity increased in E. coli but the activity of B. fragilis sucrase was unaffected (1). The significance of the control of A. tumefaciens virulence gene expression at the posttranscriptional level is not immediately apparent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chvH Locus of Agrobacterium Encodes a Homologue of an Elongation Factor Involved in Protein Synthesis

et al. 2001

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The virulence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens depends on both chromosome-and Ti plasmid-encoded gene products. In this study, we characterize a chromosomal locus, chvH, previously identified by TnphoA mutagenesis and shown to be required for tumor formation. Through DNA sequencing and comparison of the sequence with identified sequences in the database, we show that this locus encodes a protein similar in sequence to elongation factor P, a protein thought to be involved in peptide bond synthesis in Escherichia coli. The analysis of vir-lacZ and vir-phoA translational fusions as well as Western immunoblotting revealed that the expression of Vir proteins such as VirE2 was significantly reduced in the chvH mutant compared with the wild-type strain. The E. coli efp gene complemented detergent sensitivity, virulence, and expression of VirE2 in the chvH mutant, suggesting that chvH and efp are functionally homologous. As expected, ChvH exerts its activity at the posttranscriptional level. Southern analysis suggests that the gene encoding this elongation factor is present as a single copy in A. tumefaciens. We constructed a chvH deletion mutant in which a 445-bp fragment within its coding sequence was deleted and replaced with an omega fragment. On complex medium, this mutant grew more slowly than the wild-type strain, indicating that elongation factor P is important but not essential for the growth of Agrobacterium.Agrobacterium tumefaciens causes crown gall disease in a wide range of dicotyledonous plants. The disease, characterized by neoplastic transformation at the site of infection, results from the transfer and expression of oncogenes from the bacterium to susceptible plant cells (for a review, see reference 27). This transfer process is governed primarily by the products of the vir genes located on the Ti plasmid. These genes are tightly regulated and are expressed to a significant level only in the presence of plant signal molecules synthesized by wounded plant cells. The vir genes are transcriptionally regulated by the Ti plasmid-encoded VirA/VirG two-component regulatory system (26, 52). The VirA protein senses the plant signal molecules and then transduces the signal by phosphate transfer to the response regulator, the VirG protein. The activated VirG protein is a positive transcriptional activator of itself and all other Ti plasmid-encoded vir operons.Numerous chromosomal virulence genes (chv) have also been shown to play important roles in the ability of Agrobacterium to transform plants (for a review, see reference 39). In general, the functions of chromosomal virulence genes have not been well elucidated, and mutations in these genes are pleiotropic. Consequently, their precise roles in tumor formation have been difficult to assess. An analysis of a limited number of chv mutants suggests that whereas vir genes on the Ti plasmid are dedicated solely to specific steps in the interaction of Agrobacterium with host plants, the chromosomal virulence genes play important roles in the general physiology of Agroba...

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“…Although EF‐P is not an essential protein, deletions of EF‐P or its modifying enzymes YjeA or YjeK lead to pleiotropic phenotypes, which are similar in different organisms, such as E. coli , S. typhimurium , Agrobacterium tumefaciens , Bacillus subtilis , Brucella abortus , or Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and these phenotypes can be rescued by EF‐P expressed in trans . The mutations lead to reduced growth rate and motility, susceptibility to hyperosmotic conditions and different stress factors, such as acids, detergents and antibiotics, enhanced metabolism, and reduced virulence . While there seem to be no influence on transcription, the translation appears to be affected, resulting in an altered expression of a number of proteins .…”

Section: Importance For Bacterial Fitnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elongation factor P: Function and effects on bacterial fitness

Doerfel

Rodnina

2013

Biopolymers

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The elongation phase of translation is promoted by three universal elongation factors, EF-Tu, EF-Ts, and EF-G in bacteria and their homologs in archaea and eukaryotes. Recent findings demonstrate that the translation of a subset of mRNAs requires a fourth elongation factor, EF-P in bacteria or the homologs factors a/eIF5A in other kingdoms of life. EF-P prevents the ribosome from stalling during the synthesis of proteins containing consecutive Pro residues, such as PPG, PPP, or longer Pro clusters. The efficient and coordinated synthesis of such proteins is required for bacterial growth, motility, virulence, and stress response. EF-P carries a unique post-translational modification, which contributes to its catalytic proficiency. The modification enzymes, which are lacking in higher eukaryotes, provide attractive new targets for the development of new, highly specific antimicrobials.

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Cloning of an EF-P homologue from Bacteroides fragilis that increases B. fragilis glutamine synthetase activity in Escherichia coli

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

eIF5A and EF‐P: two unique translation factors are now traveling the same road

eIF5A and EF‐P: two unique translation factors are now traveling the same road

The chvH Locus of Agrobacterium Encodes a Homologue of an Elongation Factor Involved in Protein Synthesis

Elongation factor P: Function and effects on bacterial fitness

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