Clonorchis sinensis and clonorchiasis

Na, Byoung-Kuk; Pak, Jhang Ho; Song, Hong

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105309

Cited by 91 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The difference in prevalence was significant ( p = .003), leading to heterogeneity. Our results indicate that the prevalence of C. sinensis is relatively high in riverside areas, in keeping with the conclusions of previous studies regarding human infection (Jeong et al., 2016; Kim et al., 2010; Na et al., 2020; Seo et al., 1981). The habitual fishing and eating of raw fish as a popular and ancient tradition has been prevalent in epidemic areas for a long time (Hong & Fang, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Consumption of raw or undercooked fish is a risk factor for human clonorchiasis. Many studies showed that clonorchiasis is mainly prevalent in China, Korea and Vietnam (Na, Pak, & Hong, 2020; Qian et al., 2020), with an estimated 13 million people infected by C. sinensis in China, followed by 1.2 million people in Korea and approximately 1 million people in Vietnam (De et al., 2003; Kim, Cho, Huh, Kong, & Sohn, 2009; Qian, Utzinger, Keiser, & Zhou, 2016; WHO, 1995). Compared with 7 million during the 1990s, the number of people infected with C. sinensis has significantly increased (Qian et al., 2016), probably due to neglecting the importance of clonorchiasis (Qian, Chen, & Yan, 2013; Qian et al., 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection in fish in South‐East Asia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Zhang

Gong

et al. 2020

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Clonorchis sinensis, an important fish-borne zoonotic trematode, is widely distributed in SouthEast Asia, especially in China. Infections from human and animal reservoir hosts occur due to the consumption of raw or undercooked fish with C. sinensis metacercariae. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of C. sinensis metacercariae in fish in SouthEast Asia via systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang and Chongqing VIP databases for studies published between 1976 and 2020 that are related to the prevalence of C. sinensis metacercariae in fish. Studies were screened with keywords based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Seventy-one eligible articles were identified, covering three countries: China, Korea and Vietnam. The pooled prevalence of C. sinensis metacercariae in fish from SouthEast Asia was 30.5%, with 35.1% in China, 29.7% in Korea and 8.4% in Vietnam. In subgroup analyses of climate, season, water source and publication date, the highest prevalence was identified in the Dwb climate type (43.3%), summer (70.2%), river (34.5%) and pre-2001 publications (38.9%), respectively. In comparison, the lowest prevalence was found in the Dfa climate type (14.5%), winter (19.5%), lake (8.0%) and post-2001 publications (23.8%). Meta-regression results indicated that country (p = .009), the published time (p = .035) and water source subgroups (p = .003) may be the source of heterogeneity. Overall, our study indicates that a high prevalence of C. sinensis infections occurs in fish in China, Korea and Vietnam, illuminating a significant public health concern in these countries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection in fish in South‐East Asia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Zhang

Gong

et al. 2020

Journal of Fish Diseases

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“…Clonorchiasis, caused by Clonorchis sinensis (also known as the Chinese or oriental liver fluke), is an important food-borne parasitic disease of the liver and one of the most common of the neglected tropical diseases zoonoses [ 1 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ]. C. sinensis belongs to the same family (Opisthochiidae) as the Opisthorchis spp., and the life cycle and aetiology are very similar [ 1 , 54 ].…”

Section: Clonorchiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C. sinensis belongs to the same family (Opisthochiidae) as the Opisthorchis spp., and the life cycle and aetiology are very similar [ 1 , 54 ]. The adult worms inhabit the bile ducts, and C. sinensis infection is closely associated with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), fibrosis and other human hepatobiliary diseases, making it a serious public health problem in areas where it is endemic [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ]. The eggs of C. sinensis (like those of Opisthorchis ), rarely among the trematodes, hatch only on ingestion by the snail intermediate host [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ].…”

Section: Clonorchiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, more than 200 million people are at risk of C. sinensis infection, with over 15 million infected in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, India, Vietnam, North and South Korea and Japan. Treatment relies on praziquantel but, as with other fluke infections, its main limitation is that it does not prevent reinfection [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ].…”

Section: Clonorchiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Progress in the Development of Liver Fluke and Blood Fluke Vaccines

McManus

2020

Vaccines

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Liver flukes (Fasciola spp., Opisthorchis spp., Clonorchis sinensis) and blood flukes (Schistosoma spp.) are parasitic helminths causing neglected tropical diseases that result in substantial morbidity afflicting millions globally. Affecting the world’s poorest people, fasciolosis, opisthorchiasis, clonorchiasis and schistosomiasis cause severe disability; hinder growth, productivity and cognitive development; and can end in death. Children are often disproportionately affected. F. hepatica and F. gigantica are also the most important trematode flukes parasitising ruminants and cause substantial economic losses annually. Mass drug administration (MDA) programs for the control of these liver and blood fluke infections are in place in a number of countries but treatment coverage is often low, re-infection rates are high and drug compliance and effectiveness can vary. Furthermore, the spectre of drug resistance is ever-present, so MDA is not effective or sustainable long term. Vaccination would provide an invaluable tool to achieve lasting control leading to elimination. This review summarises the status currently of vaccine development, identifies some of the major scientific targets for progression and briefly discusses future innovations that may provide effective protective immunity against these helminth parasites and the diseases they cause.

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CRISPR/Cas9: A new tool for the study and control of helminth parasites

McManus

French

et al. 2020

BioEssays

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Recent reports of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in parasitic helminths open up new avenues for research on these dangerous pathogens. However, the complex morphology and life cycles inherent to these parasites present obstacles for the efficient application of CRISPR/Cas9-targeted mutagenesis. This is especially true with the trematode flukes where only modest levels of gene mutation efficiency have been achieved. Current major challenges in the application of CRISPR/Cas9 for study of parasitic worms thus lie in enhancing gene mutation efficiency and overcoming issues involved in host passage so that mutated parasites survive. Strategies developed for CRISPR/Cas9 studies on Caenorhabditis elegans, protozoa and mammalian cells, including novel delivery methods, the choice of selectable markers, and refining mutation precision represent novel tactics whereby these impediments can be overcome. Furthermore, employing CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene drive to interfere with vector transmission represents a novel approach for the control of parasitic worms that is worthy of further exploration.

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Clonorchis sinensis and clonorchiasis

Cited by 91 publications

References 95 publications

Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection in fish in South‐East Asia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection in fish in South‐East Asia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Recent Progress in the Development of Liver Fluke and Blood Fluke Vaccines

CRISPR/Cas9: A new tool for the study and control of helminth parasites

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