Close Relationships

Clark, Margaret S.; Lemay, Edward P.

doi:10.1002/9780470561119.socpsy002025

Cited by 92 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 417 publications

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“…Work by our group and others suggests that heightened feelings of social connection, engagement, acceptance, and intimacy are a key feature of high-quality relationships and play an active role in promoting positive affect and buffering stress (Brown, Strauman, Barrantes-Vidal, Silvia, & Kwapil, 2011; M. S. Clark & Lemay, 2010; Coan & Sbarra, 2015; Myers, 1999; Reis & Shaver, 1989; Reis, Sheldon, Gable, Roscoe, & Ryan, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Dispositional negativity in the wild: Social environment governs momentary emotional experience.

Shackman¹,

Weinstein²,

Hudja³

et al. 2018

Emotion

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Dispositional negativity-the tendency to experience more frequent or intense negative emotions-is a fundamental dimension of temperament and personality. Elevated levels of dispositional negativity have profound consequences for public health and wealth, drawing the attention of researchers, clinicians, and policy makers. Yet, relatively little is known about the factors that govern the momentary expression of dispositional negativity in the real world. Here, we used smart phone-based experience-sampling to demonstrate that the social environment plays a central role in shaping the moment-by-moment emotional experience of 127 young adults selectively recruited to represent a broad spectrum of dispositional negativity. Results indicate that individuals with a more negative disposition derive much larger emotional benefits from the company of close companions-friends, romantic partners, and family members-and that these benefits reflect heightened feelings of social connection and acceptance. These results set the stage for developing improved interventions and provide new insights into the interaction of emotional traits and situations in the real world, close to clinically and practically important endpoints.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Dispositional negativity in the wild: Social environment governs momentary emotional experience.

Shackman¹,

Weinstein²,

Hudja³

et al. 2018

Emotion

Self Cite

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“…Avoidance minimizes others' awareness of potentially divisive racial differences, an obstacle to cohesion. Enhancement may disclose personal views on racial identity, pro moting a sense of intimacy (Clark & Lemay, 1998).…”

Section: Strategies For Managing Impressions Of Racial Identity In Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for managing impressions of racial identity in the workplace.

Roberts¹,

Sandra²,

Kim³

2014

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

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This article deepens understanding of the workplace experiences of racial minorities by investigating racial identity-based impression management (RIM) by Asian American journalists. Racial centrality, directly or indirectly, predicted the use of 4 RIM strategies (avoidance, enhancement, affiliation, and racial humor). Professional centrality also predicted strategy use, which was related to life satisfaction and perceived career success. By shedding light on proactive strategies that individuals use to influence colleagues' impressions of their racial identity, we contribute to research on diversity in organizations, impression management, and racial identity.

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“…An understanding of situations in which alcohol impacts anxiety could not only further our understanding of its addictive potential, but also help identify situations in which alcohol might promote behaviors ranging from interpersonal aggression to affiliative expressions (Wilson, 1988). Social rejection concerns appear to have pervasive effects on our social functioning (Clark & Lemay, 2010), with research linking fear of rejection to decreased speech (Natale, Entin, & Jaffe, 1979), decreased self-disclosure (Cozby, 1973), and decreased expressions of both affiliation and aggression in social settings (Berkowitz, 1962; Vorauer & Turpie, 2004). Thus, fear of social rejection and social censure not only constrains the expression of aggression and negativity in social settings, but also limits our willingness to reach out to others and form connections (Murray et al, 2006).…”

Section: A Social-attributional Analysis Of Alcohol Rewardmentioning

confidence: 99%

A social-attributional analysis of alcohol response.

Fairbairn

Sayette

2014

Psychological Bulletin

123

205

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Conventional wisdom and survey data indicate that alcohol is a social lubricant and is consumed for its social effects. In contrast, the experimental literature examining alcohol’s effects within a social context reveals that alcohol does not consistently enhance social-emotional experience. We identify a methodological factor that might explain inconsistent alcohol-administration findings, distinguishing between studies featuring unscripted interactions among naïve participants (k = 18) and those featuring scripted social interactions with individuals identified as study confederates (k = 18). While 89% of naïve-participant studies find positive effects of alcohol on mood (d = 0.5), only 11% of confederate studies find evidence of significant alcohol-related mood enhancement (d = −0.01). The naïve-participant versus confederate distinction remains robust after controlling for various moderators including stress manipulations, gender, group size, anxiety outcome measure, and within-group consistency of beverage assignment. Based on the findings of our review, we propose a multidimensional, social-attributional framework for understanding alcohol-related reward. Borrowing organizing principles from attribution theory, the social-attributional approach predicts that alcohol will enhance mood when negative outcomes are perceived to be unstable and/or self-relevant. Our framework proposes that alcohol’s effects within a social context are largely explained by its tendency to free individuals from preoccupation with social rejection, allowing them to access social rewards. The social-attributional approach represents a novel framework for integrating distinct, well-validated concepts derived from several theories of alcohol’s effects. It further presents promising lines of inquiry for future research examining the role of social factors in alcohol reward and addiction susceptibility.

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Close Relationships

Cited by 92 publications

References 417 publications

Dispositional negativity in the wild: Social environment governs momentary emotional experience.

Dispositional negativity in the wild: Social environment governs momentary emotional experience.

Strategies for managing impressions of racial identity in the workplace.

A social-attributional analysis of alcohol response.

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