Closed-form model to determine the co-axial probe reactance of an equilateral triangular patch antenna

Abstract

A simple closed-form analytical formula is proposed to compute the probe reactance of an equilateral triangular patch antenna. The variation of the probe reactance with the variation of antenna dimension, substrate electrical parameters, and probe location is examined thoroughly. The computed values employing the present model show excellent agreement with experimental and simulation results.

Computer-Aided Design of Superconducting Equilateral Triangular Patch on Anisotropic Substrates

“…For isotropic substrate, the two components of the relative permittivity are identical i.e., ε x = ε z . The calculated results shown in Table 1 agree very well with experimental and calculated results in [20], and the maximum difference between the experimental and our numerical results is less than 1.5%. In the next step, the influence of the anisotropy on the resonant frequency of an equilateral triangular patch antenna is shown in Figure 2.…”

“…In this section, to verify the accuracy of the proposed model for the equilateral triangular microstrip patch printed on isotropic substrates of two first modes T M 01 and T M 11 , comparisons are illustrated between our numerical results and those measured and calculated using cavity model analysis of equilateral triangular patches of different sizes for different values of constant and thickness substrates [20]. For isotropic substrate, the two components of the relative permittivity are identical i.e., ε x = ε z .…”

“…All of these techniques provide reasonably accurate results. Notwithstanding, these techniques are not suitable for the design oriented interactive computer aided design (CAD) or for the direct synthesis of microstrip antennas due to their complexity and long computational time requirement [11,20]. In this paper, computer-aided-design based on an accurate model of the cavity method in conjunction with electromagnetic knowledge is presented to analyze the resonance and radiation characteristics of superconducting equilateral patches on isotropic and anisotropic substrates.…”

Analysis of C-shaped Compact Microstrip Antennas Using Deep Neural Networks Optimized by Manta Ray Foraging Optimization with Lévy-Flight Mechanism

“…In recent years, researchers have vigorously challenged the accurate calculation of the resonant frequency of CMAs. While most studies focus on designing and optimizing CMA structures [3,[17][18][19][20] and obtaining mathematical models for determining the resonant frequencies of the antennas [5,7,[21][22][23][24], there are also studies on computing the resonant frequencies or other characteristic parameters using neural network models [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. In most recent studies, resonant frequency estimation was made in two ways: the closed-form expression approach and the neural model approach.…”

“…Toktas et al made simulations for certain parameter ranges, and the unknown variables of the expressions were determined employing the ABC algorithm [35][36][37]. Biswas and Dam [24] have introduced a closed-form mathematical model to calculate the probe reactance. In their study [24], an equilateral triangular patch antenna was fabricated, and the calculated resonant frequencies were compared with the measured and simulated resonant frequencies.…”