Clostridial myocarditis in a scimitar‐horned oryx

Hogg, Robert; Wessels, Mark; Quayle, J B

doi:10.1136/vr.165.12.356

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Infections by C. chauvoei of mostly unknown pathogenesis have been reported in goats, deer, oryx, elephants, horses, pigs, mink, fresh-water fish, whales, frogs, and hens. 16,21,25,30,32,40 Gas gangrene 26 and enterocolitis 51 associated with C. chauvoei have been reported, albeit very rarely, in humans.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blackleg in cattle: A case report of fetal infection and a literature review

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clostridium chauvoei causes blackleg in cattle. The disease has been reported worldwide, and although it can be prevented by vaccination, sporadic cases and occasional outbreaks still occur. We describe a case of blackleg in a 2-y-old, pregnant Gyr cow with in utero transmission to the fetus. The cow had characteristic gross and microscopic lesions of blackleg including widespread necrohemorrhagic and emphysematous skeletal and myocardial myositis, and fibrinous pericarditis. Her uterus contained a near-term, markedly emphysematous fetus with skeletal muscle and myocardial lesions similar to those seen in the dam. Histopathology of dam and fetal tissues revealed numerous gram-positive bacilli, many of them with sub-terminal spores, in multiple tissues. These bacilli were identified as C. chauvoei by immunohistochemistry. Anaerobic culture and fluorescent antibody tests performed on skeletal muscle from both the dam and fetus were positive for C. chauvoei, confirming a diagnosis of blackleg. Blackleg is a so-called endogenous infection, and the currently accepted pathogenesis involves ingestion of spores that are transported to muscle tissues where they lie dormant until anaerobiosis prompts germination. Germinating bacteria are histotoxic, producing severe, local necrosis and ultimately lethal toxemia. This model, however, has not been confirmed experimentally and also fails to explain some cases of the disease. A presumptive diagnosis of blackleg is based on clinical, gross, and histologic findings. Diagnostic confirmation necessitates the detection of C. chauvoei by culture, PCR, or immunodetection methods.

show abstract

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blackleg in cattle: A case report of fetal infection and a literature review

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to the importance of C. chauvoei as the etiological agent of blackleg, this agent is also eventually responsible for gas gangrene in ruminants, so the high frequency reported in the present study is not surprising. This agent is also involved in malignant edema in other domestic and wild animals (NAGANO et al, 2008;HOGG et al, 2009;MACÊDO et al, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A retrospective study on the diagnosis of clostridial myonecrosis in ruminants in Brazil

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…

Blackleg is an infectious disease caused by Clostridium chauvoei, a gram-positive, spore-forming rod that affects cattle, and less frequently sheep and other domestic and wild animals. 1,6,20,22,29,35,41,44,45 Although blackleg is a well-recognized disease, its pathogenesis is still not understood completely. 2,58 The current theory is that C. chauvoei spores can survive in the environment for many years and that spores are ingested by grazing animals.

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of cardiac blackleg in cattle, and report of 2 cases without skeletal muscle involvement in Argentina

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Blackleg is an infectious disease caused by Clostridium chauvoei. Cardiac blackleg has been reported in ruminants as an uncommon presentation of the disease; its pathogenesis is not understood completely. We include here a literature review of cardiac blackleg and a description of 2 cases in 12–15-mo-old feedlot steers in Argentina. Fourteen of 1,190 steers died suddenly over a period of 10 d. Postmortem examinations were performed on 5 of these animals. Grossly, severe, diffuse, fibrinous pericarditis and pleuritis, multifocal necrohemorrhagic myocarditis, diffuse pulmonary congestion, mild splenomegaly, and moderate congestion of meningeal vessels were observed. No significant gross lesions were observed in the skeletal muscles of any animal. Histology was performed on 2 of the steers. The main microscopic features were necrotizing myocarditis with myriad intralesional gram-positive rods with subterminal spores plus fibrinosuppurative pericarditis and pleuritis. C. chauvoei was detected by immunohistochemistry and PCR in the myocardium of both animals. These findings confirm a diagnosis of cardiac blackleg in these 2 steers and presumptively in the other affected animals.

show abstract

Clostridial myocarditis in a scimitar‐horned oryx

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Blackleg in cattle: A case report of fetal infection and a literature review

Blackleg in cattle: A case report of fetal infection and a literature review

A retrospective study on the diagnosis of clostridial myonecrosis in ruminants in Brazil

A review of cardiac blackleg in cattle, and report of 2 cases without skeletal muscle involvement in Argentina

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About