Clostridium butyricum potentially improves inflammation and immunity through alteration of the microbiota and metabolism of gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy

Abstract

BackgroundGastrectomy is the most effective treatment to improve the clinical survival rate of patients with gastric cancer. However, the pathophysiological changes caused by gastrectomy have seriously affected the postoperative recovery.MethodsIn the present trial, Ataining (containing C. butyricum, CGMCC0313.1) was applied in patients after gastrectomy to investigate the effect of C. butyricum on the early postoperative recovery by monitoring the inflammatory immune response with blood indicators, detecting the gut microbiota with high-throughput sequencing, and analyzing the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) with targeted metabolomics. This study is registered with the number ChiCTR2000040915.ResultsOur outcomes revealed that C. butyricum had significantly reduced the number of Leucocyte (P < 0.001), the percentage of Neutrophil (P < 0.001), the expression of IL-1β (P < 0.01), IL-6 (P < 0.05), and TNF-α (P < 0.01), while markedly enhanced the immunity indexes (immunoglobulin and lymphocyte) (P < 0.05) and nutrition indexes (albumin and total protein) (P < 0.05). In addition, the use of the C. butyricum greatly enriched the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium and Gemmiger, while the abundance of pathogenic Streptococcus, Desulfovibrio and Actinomyces were markedly decreased at genus level. We also observed significant up-regulation of SCFAs, including acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and isobutyric acid, after C. butyricum administration in patients receiving gastrectomy.ConclusionTherefore, evidence supported that oral administration of C. butyricum after gastrectomy can reduce early postoperative inflammation, enhance immune ability, restore intestinal microbiota eubiosis, increase intestinal SCFAs, reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications, and ultimately promote the early recovery of the patient.Clinical trial registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn/, identifier (ChiCTR2000040915).

Sciadonic acid ameliorates cyclophosphamide‐induced immunosuppression by modulating the immune response and altering the gut microbiota

“…48 Furthermore, Desulfovibrio is a pathogenic bacterium that can cause bacteremia. 49 The present study showed that SA intervention reduced the abundance of norank-f-Oscillospiraceae, Ruminococcus and Desulfovibrio. Therefore, the improved immunosuppressive function of SA may be related to its regulation of the ratio of beneficial and harmful bacteria.…”

“…Clinical studies have found a higher abundance of Ruminococcus in the gut of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases compared to healthy populations 48 . Furthermore, Desulfovibrio is a pathogenic bacterium that can cause bacteremia 49 . The present study showed that SA intervention reduced the abundance of norank‐f‐Oscillospiraceae , Ruminococcus and Desulfovibrio .…”

Alterations in the intestinal microbiome and metabolic profile of patients with cirrhosis supplemented with lactulose, Clostridium butyricum, and Bifidobacterium longum infantis: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

“…We speculate that the synbiotic used in the present study has therapeutic potential, and may represent a promising means of preventing hyperuricemia and hyperammonemia in patients with cirrhosis. Additionally, the synbiotic supplementation also increased the butyric acid concentration in peripheral blood, which is considered beneficial to immune homeostasis in the other clinical trial (Cao et al, 2022). Although these findings imply that synbiotics are beneficial for patients with cirrhosis, further large human studies and animal experiments should be conducted to determine whether and how synbiotics affect key pathways.…”

“…We speculate that the synbiotic used in the present study has therapeutic potential, and may represent a promising means of preventing hyperuricemia and hyperammonemia in patients with cirrhosis. Additionally, the synbiotic supplementation also increased the butyric acid concentration in peripheral blood, which is considered beneficial to immune homeostasis in the other clinical trial ( Cao et al, 2022 ).…”

The Role of Probiotics in Inflammation Associated with Major Surgery: A Narrative Review

“…In a recent study, the use of probiotics in gastric cancer patients only postoperatively (starting 3–5 days after gastrectomy) showed a notable effect in reducing the inflammatory process provoked by surgery and enhancing existing immunity. This was shown by the important reduction of leukocytes, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and TNF-α and increased levels of immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M in the serum [ 94 ].…”