Clostridium butyricum pretreatment attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice via anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis

Sun, Jing; Ling, Zongxin; Wang, Fangyan; Chen, Wenqian; Li, Haixiao; Jin, Juebin; Zhang, Huiqing; Pang, Mengqi; Yu, Junjie; Liu, Jiaming

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2015.12.047

Cited by 147 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Our result showed that C. butyricum treatment significantly increased the level of Bcl‐2 and decreased the level of Bax in TBI mice. Moreover, our previous study also found that Cb is able to exert neuroprotective effects against I/R injury mice through an increase of the Bcl‐2/Bax ratio after C. butyricum pretreatment . Taken together, these results suggest that Cb treatment could exert an anti‐apoptotic effect via the Akt pathway in TBI mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Moreover, our previous study also found that Cb is able to exert neuroprotective effects against I/R injury mice through an increase of the Bcl-2/Bax ratio after C. butyricum pretreatment. 12 Taken together, these results suggest that Cb treatment could exert an anti-apoptotic effect via the Akt pathway in TBI mice. Gut microbiota dysfunction is linked to brain disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

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Clostridium butyricum exerts a neuroprotective effect in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury via the gut‐brain axis

Sun

et al. 2017

Neurogastroenterology Motil

128

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Clostridium butyricum exerts a neuroprotective effect in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury via the gut‐brain axis

Sun

et al. 2017

Neurogastroenterology Motil

128

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“…An average concentration of 17.0 pmol/mg of tissue for butyrate and 18.8 pmol/mg of tissue for propionate in the human brain was reported (95). Furthermore, the levels of butyrate in the brain of mice supplemented with live Clostridium butyricum reached a range from 0.4 to 0.7 µmol/g, which was about an order of magnitude higher than concentrations reported in peripheral blood (96,97). In addition to crossing BBB, SCFAs seem to play an important role in maintaining its integrity, which is tightly associated with controlled passage of molecules and nutrients from the circulation to the brain, playing a central role in brain development and the preservation of CNS homeostasis.…”

Section: Scfas and The Brainmentioning

confidence: 80%

The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids From Gut Microbiota in Gut-Brain Communication

2020

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A substantial body of evidence supports that the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the regulation of metabolic, endocrine and immune functions. In recent years, there has been growing recognition of the involvement of the gut microbiota in the modulation of multiple neurochemical pathways through the highly interconnected gut-brain axis. Although amazing scientific breakthroughs over the last few years have expanded our knowledge on the communication between microbes and their hosts, the underpinnings of microbiota-gut-brain crosstalk remain to be determined. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the main metabolites produced in the colon by bacterial fermentation of dietary fibers and resistant starch, are speculated to play a key role in neuro-immunoendocrine regulation. However, the underlying mechanisms through which SCFAs might influence brain physiology and behavior have not been fully elucidated. In this review, we outline the current knowledge about the involvement of SCFAs in microbiota-gut-brain interactions. We also highlight how the development of future treatments for central nervous system (CNS) disorders can take advantage of the intimate and mutual interactions of the gut microbiota with the brain by exploring the role of SCFAs in the regulation of neuro-immunoendocrine function.

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“…29,48 Our gene expression data for the first time confirm the presence of SCFA-sensing receptors in the PVN of hypothalamus, a major brain region involved in regulation of the sympathetic output. As butyrate is able to cross the BBB, [18][19][20] circulating butyrate may thus have direct effects on the brain regions regulating BP. Indeed, our data showed that ICV injection of butyrate significantly lowered BP in both the WKY and SHR, albeit at a significantly reduced levels in the SHR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired butyrate absorption in the proximal colon, low serum butyrate and diminished central effects of butyrate on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats

et al. 2019

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Aim Butyrate is a major gut microbiota‐derived metabolite. Reduced butyrate‐producing bacteria has been reported in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), a model of hypertension characterized by dysfunctional autonomic nervous system and gut dysbiosis. Here, we demonstrate a potential mechanism for butyrate in blood pressure regulation. Methods High‐performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry were performed to measure butyrate levels in feces and serum. Ussing chamber determined butyrate transport in colon ex vivo. Real‐time PCR and immunohistochemistry evaluated expression of butyrate transporter, Slc5a8, in the colon. Mean arterial blood pressure was measured in catheterized anesthetized rats before and after a single butyrate intracerebroventricular injection. Activity of cardioregulatory brain regions was determined by functional magnetic resonance imaging to derive neural effects of butyrate. Results In the SHR, we demonstrated elevated butyrate levels in cecal content, but diminished butyrate levels in circulation, possibly due to reduced expression of Slc5a8 transporter in the colon. In addition, we observed lower expression levels of butyrate‐sensing receptors in the hypothalamus of SHR, likely leading to the reduced effects of centrally administered butyrate on blood pressure in the SHR. Functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed reduced activation of cardioregulatory brain regions following central administration of butyrate in the SHR compared to control. Conclusion We demonstrated a reduced availability of serum butyrate in the SHR, possibly due to diminished colonic absorption. Reduced expression of butyrate‐sensing receptors in the SHR hypothalamus may explain the reduced central responsiveness to butyrate, indicating microbial butyrate may play a role in blood pressure regulation.

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Clostridium butyricum pretreatment attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice via anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis

Cited by 147 publications

References 26 publications

Clostridium butyricum exerts a neuroprotective effect in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury via the gut‐brain axis

Clostridium butyricum exerts a neuroprotective effect in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury via the gut‐brain axis

The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids From Gut Microbiota in Gut-Brain Communication

Impaired butyrate absorption in the proximal colon, low serum butyrate and diminished central effects of butyrate on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats

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