Closure to “Discussion of ‘Anode Effect in Aqueous Electrolysis’ [Herbert H. Kellogg (pp. 133–142)]”

Kellogg, Herbert H.

doi:10.1149/1.2777949

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…In the initial region A‐C of the current‐voltage behavior, which corresponds to the conventional water electrolysis, the electric current increases accordingly with the applied potential difference. From the surface of the electrode to the electrolyte, the temperature gradient rises too, due to the increase of the current density as a result of the growing number of gas bubbles nucleated at the surface . From the stability criterion of Glansdorff and Prigogine, motion along this steady state region is stable with respect to small deviations from a fixed point belonging to this current‐voltage trajectory.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics for the Stability Study of Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis

Allagui

Wüthrich

2015

Plasma Process. Polym.

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Beyond a critical voltage in a two‐electrode configuration, the conventional electrolysis is no longer sustained when a thin gaseous envelope covers the working electrode, and the emission of visible light is observed. The system is examined as a process far from thermodynamic equilibrium, with the identification and computation of conjugated thermodynamic fluxes and forces generating the entropy production. The quadratic form of the entropy variational function is employed for the stability discussion, in the Lyapunov's sense of stability for steady state autonomous systems. Thermodynamic arguments, compared with experimental observations on the gas film dynamics, show that the stability of the phenomenon is mainly governed by thermal and electrochemical contributions of the electrochemical cell.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics for the Stability Study of Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis

Allagui

Wüthrich

2015

Plasma Process. Polym.

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“…Thermodynamic and kinetic analyses of chlorination have been presented by many investigators [185][186][187] and also discussion with particular reference to nodule processing was given elsewhere. I 4 An equilibrium diagram for Fe and Mn in the presence of oxygen and chlorine is given in Figure 14.…”

Section: Pyrometallurgical Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallurgy and Processing of Marine Manganese Nodules

Fuerstenau

Han

1983

Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review

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This paper reviews the stale of the art in processing and extraction of ocean floor manganese nodules. It briefly reviews the mining sites where the abundant rich nodules occur and also discusses the metal distribution in nodules in view of economical processing and extraction of these metal values.The paper discloses in a detailed manner the physical and chemical characteristics of nodules. including porosity, surface area, water content and the effect of temperature on crystal structure of major constituents of nodules.In the extraction aspect of nodules, the paper reviews two different extraction schemes revealed in the literature, namely hydrometallurgical treatment and pyrometallurgical treatment. The hydrometallurgical treatments include acid leaching, ammonia leaching, leaching with reducing agents and leaching after high temperature pre-treatments such as in sulfating roasting, while the pyrometallurgical processes include smelting, chlorination-vaporization and segregation. The paper also covers metal recovery processes from leach liquor.An economic survey of processing nodules has been made in terms of problems associated with metal-marketing. and impact of metal production from nodules on mineral industries.

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“…Numerous attempts (13,20,26,27) have been made to explain this phenomenon. This phenomenon manifests itself in a sudden interruption of normal operation.…”

Section: December 1964mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Metallic Calcium by Electrolysis of Calcium Oxide Dissolved in Molten Calcium Chloride

Threadgill

1964

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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UO.glGdo.09)2C5 + (UO.12Gdo,8s) C2 +C 1300"(; ISOTHERMAL SECTION reading the x-ray diffraction patterns. Thanks are due to Willard G. Witteman and Charles Radosevich for assistance in obtaining the transformation curves.Without the ingenuity of Mr. George N. Rupert in designing and building the thermal analysis apparatus used, the work on the transformation temperatures could not have been performed. Finally, the help of

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Closure to “Discussion of ‘Anode Effect in Aqueous Electrolysis’ [Herbert H. Kellogg (pp. 133–142)]”

Abstract: not Available.

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics for the Stability Study of Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis

Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics for the Stability Study of Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis

Metallurgy and Processing of Marine Manganese Nodules

Preparation of Metallic Calcium by Electrolysis of Calcium Oxide Dissolved in Molten Calcium Chloride

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