Clot activators and anticoagulant additives for blood collection. A critical review on behalf of COLABIOCLI WG-PRE-LATAM

Lima-Oliveira, Gabriel; Brennan-Bourdon, L M; Varela, B; Arredondo, Maria Elena; Aranda, Eduardo; Flores, Silvia Alicia; Ochoa, Patricia

doi:10.1080/10408363.2020.1849008

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…In the absence of an anticoagulant during blood collection, the blood will spontaneously clot, and serum can be obtained by centrifugation. For more information on anticoagulants and their effects on blood EVs, the reader is referred to two recent publications as examples (Dhondt et al., 2023 ; Lima‐Oliveira et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Suggestions For More Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A beginner's guide to study extracellular vesicles in human blood plasma and serum

Nieuwland,

Siljander

2024

J of Extracellular Vesicle

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Blood is the most commonly used body fluid for obtaining and studying extracellular vesicles (EVs). While blood is a standard choice for clinical analysis, using blood as a source of EVs introduces multiple layers of complexity. At the Blood Extracellular Vesicle Workshop organized by the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles in Helsinki (2022), it became evident that beginner researchers lack trustworthy information on how to initiate their research and avoid common pitfalls. This educational guide explains the composition and frequently used terminology of blood, provides guidelines for blood collection, and the preparation of plasma and serum. It also introduces the basic principles of isolating and detecting blood EVs while considering blood‐related factors. The goal of this guide is to assist beginners by offering a concise and evidence‐based introduction to the current knowledge and available resources to study blood EVs.

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Section: Suggestions For More Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A beginner's guide to study extracellular vesicles in human blood plasma and serum

Nieuwland,

Siljander

2024

J of Extracellular Vesicle

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“…37 The observed in vitro clotting time differences could be attributed to initial physiological differences in the donors' blood such as concentrations of blood calcium levels compared to the citrate concentration used, and the donor's intrinsic clotting tendencies, which were not monitored throughout the simulation. [39][40][41] These can be attributed to the lack of physiological responses 42 that are available in vivo, as well as other factors including that the assay is designed to detect and highlight any differences. This emphasizes the need for additional research in clinical settings.…”

Section: Limitations Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved hemocompatibility of polysulfone hemodialyzers with Endexo® surface modifying molecules

Fisher

Shao

2021

J Biomed Mater Res

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Anticoagulation therapy is widely used to reduce clotting during hemodialysis (HD), but may cause adverse effects in end‐stage kidney disease patients. A new hemodialyzer with a membrane modified by surface modifying molecule was developed to improve hemocompatibility that aimed to reduce the need for anticoagulation during dialysis treatments. We compared membrane surface characteristics and in vitro hemocompatibility of the new hemodialyzer to the standard polysulfone (PSF) hemodialyzer membrane. Scanning electron microscopy, contact angle measurement (68° ± 3° test vs. 41.6° ± 6° control), and X‐ray photoelectron spectrometry measurement for fluorine atomic % (7.4% ± 0.4% test vs. not detectable control), showed that the membrane surface was modified with surface modifying macromolecule (SMM1) but maintained membrane structure and surface hydrophilicity. Zeta potential of the blood‐contacting surface showed that the absolute surface charge was reduced at neutral pH (−3.3 mV ± 1.1 mV test vs. −15.6 mV ± 1.0 mV control). Platelet count reduction was significantly less for the SMM1‐modified dialyzer (40.88% ± 21.89%) compared to the standard PSF dialyzer (62.62% ± 34.13%), along with Platelet Factor 4 (1824.10 ng/ml ± 436.26 ng/ml test vs. 2479.00 ng/ml ± 852.96 ng/ml control). These studies demonstrate the successful incorporation of SMM1 into the new hemodialyzer with the expected results. Our in vitro experiments indicate that the SMM1‐modified hemodialyzers could improve hemocompatibility compared to standard PSF hemodialyzers and have the potential to minimize the patient's anticoagulant requirements during HD. Additional research with SMM1 additives incorporated into the entire dialysis circuit and use in a clinical settings are required to confirm these promising findings.

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“… 20 , 26 It is important to note that this whole blood assay is validated for blood collected in tubes containing heparin (sodium or lithium), and although a comprehensive testing of all anticoagulants has not been performed, it is known that ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and acid–citrate–dextrose inhibit marker upregulation due to inhibiting Ca 2+ influx; however, PBMCs can be used after isolation from any of these blood collection tubes. 27 This assay correlates with cell proliferation, intracellular cytokine and tetramer staining measures of antigen‐specific T cells, as well as serology. 26 , 28 In comparison to CD69/CD40L and IFN‐γ intracellular cytokine staining assays, the CD25/OX40 AIM assay detects a larger population of antigen‐specific CD4 + T cells, including rare, noncytokine‐producing T‐cell subsets such as T follicular helper (Tfh) cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The CD25/OX40 AIM assay has been validated clinically using fresh, heparinized whole blood within 24 h of collection, with analysis following 40–50 h of antigen stimulation 20,26 . It is important to note that this whole blood assay is validated for blood collected in tubes containing heparin (sodium or lithium), and although a comprehensive testing of all anticoagulants has not been performed, it is known that ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and acid–citrate–dextrose inhibit marker upregulation due to inhibiting Ca 2+ influx; however, PBMCs can be used after isolation from any of these blood collection tubes 27 . This assay correlates with cell proliferation, intracellular cytokine and tetramer staining measures of antigen‐specific T cells, as well as serology 26,28 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T‐cell activation–induced marker assays in health and disease

et al. 2023

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Activation‐induced marker (AIM) assays have proven to be an accessible and rapid means of antigen‐specific T‐cell detection. The method typically involves short‐term incubation of whole blood or peripheral blood mononuclear cells with antigens of interest, where autologous antigen‐presenting cells process and present peptides in complex with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Recognition of peptide–MHC complexes by T‐cell receptors then induces upregulation of activation markers on the T cells that can be detected by flow cytometry. In this review, we highlight the most widely used activation markers for assays in the literature while identifying nuances and potential downfalls associated with the technique. We provide a summary of how AIM assays have been used in both discovery science and clinical studies, including studies of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) immunity. This review primarily focuses on AIM assays using human blood or peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples, with some considerations noted for tissue‐derived T cells and nonhuman samples. AIM assays are a powerful tool that enables detailed analysis of antigen‐specific T‐cell frequency, phenotype and function without needing to know the precise antigenic peptides and their MHC restriction elements, enabling a wider analysis of immunity generated following infection and/or vaccination.

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Clot activators and anticoagulant additives for blood collection. A critical review on behalf of COLABIOCLI WG-PRE-LATAM

Cited by 13 publications

References 155 publications

A beginner's guide to study extracellular vesicles in human blood plasma and serum

A beginner's guide to study extracellular vesicles in human blood plasma and serum

Improved hemocompatibility of polysulfone hemodialyzers with Endexo® surface modifying molecules

T‐cell activation–induced marker assays in health and disease

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