“…An ecosystemic business model incorporates the ideas of open innovation, expanding the boundaries of a company toward collaboration and coopetition, i.e., parallel collaboration and competition. A business model wheel concept introduced in [26] has widely been used in ecosystemic and future-oriented contexts [27]. The authors see the business opportunity at the heart of a business model, which comprises what (customers, offering, value proposition, differentiation), how (selling and marketing, delivery, key operations, basis of advantage), why (basis of pricing, way of charging, cost drivers, cost elements) and where (internal or external to a focal firm) elements (Fig 1.).…”