Cloud Feedback on Earth's Long‐Term Climate Simulated by a Near‐Global Cloud‐Permitting Model

Yan, Mingyu; Yang, Jun; Zhang, Yixiao; Huang, Han

doi:10.1029/2022gl100152

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…It is worth noting that clouds have a net warming effect in our experiments; however, they have a global-mean net cooling effect in Earth's observations and global-scale simulations (e.g., Ramanathan et al 1989;Allan 2011;Yan et al 2022). Two things may contribute to this difference.…”

Section: Effects Of Gravity On Planetary Climate Under a Fixed Stella...mentioning

confidence: 74%

Convection and Clouds under Different Planetary Gravities Simulated by a Small-domain Cloud-resolving Model

Liu

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2023

ApJ

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In this study, we employ a cloud-resolving model to investigate how gravity influences convection and clouds in a small-domain (96 × 96 km) radiative–convective equilibrium. Our experiments are performed with a horizontal grid spacing of 1 km, which can resolve large (>1 km2) convective cells. We find that under a given stellar flux, sea surface temperature increases with decreasing gravity. This is because a lower-gravity planet has larger water vapor content and more clouds, resulting in a larger clear-sky greenhouse effect and a stronger cloud warming effect in the small domain. By increasing stellar flux under different gravity values, we find that the convection shifts from a quasi-steady state to an oscillatory state. In the oscillatory state, there are convection cycles with a period of several days, comprised of a short wet phase with intense surface precipitation and a dry phase with no surface precipitation. When convection shifts to the oscillatory state, the water vapor content and high-level cloud fraction increase substantially, resulting in rapid warming. After the transition to the oscillatory state, the cloud net positive radiative effect decreases with increasing stellar flux, which indicates a stabilizing climate effect. In the quasi-steady state, the atmospheric absorption features of CO2 are more detectable on lower-gravity planets because of their larger atmospheric heights. While in the oscillatory state, the high-level clouds mute almost all of the absorption features, making the atmospheric components hard to characterize.

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Section: Effects Of Gravity On Planetary Climate Under a Fixed Stella...mentioning

confidence: 74%

Convection and Clouds under Different Planetary Gravities Simulated by a Small-domain Cloud-resolving Model

Liu

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2023

ApJ

Self Cite

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“…The scenario is supposed to finally have a warming impact in comparison to the baseline scenario, whereas scenario exhibits a cooling effect, which is displayed in Figure S2. In addition to the enhancement of the earth’s radiation as the most apparent negative feedback, global warming would also lead to a slew of other direct and/or indirect feedback effects, which are not completely captured in this study. , The feedback process needs to be studied and evaluated later with comprehensive quantitative models available. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the enhancement of the earth's radiation as the most apparent negative feedback, global warming would also lead to a slew of other direct and/or indirect feedback effects, which are not completely captured in this study. 17,32 The feedback process needs to be studied and evaluated later with comprehensive quantitative models available. 15,33 3.2.…”

Section: Combustion Emission Rfs By Sector and Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent Energy-Climate Nexus in the Global Fuel Combustion Processes

Jiang

Men

Xing

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Fuel combustion provides basic energy for the society but also produces CO 2 and incomplete combustion products that threaten human survival, climate change, and global sustainability. A variety of fuels burned in different facilities expectedly have distinct impacts on climate, which remains to be quantitatively assessed. This study uses updated emission inventories and an earth system model to evaluate absolute and relative contributions in combustion emission-associated climate forcing by fuels, sectors, and regions. We showed that, from 1970 to 2014, coal burned in the energy sector and oil used in the transportation sector contributed comparable energies consumed (24 and 20% of the total) but had distinct climate forcing (1 and 40%, respectively). Globally, coal burned for energy production had negative impacts on climate forcing but positive effects in the residential sector. In many developing countries, coal combustion in the energy sector had negative radiative forcing (RF) per unit energy consumed due to insufficient controls on sulfur and scattering aerosol levels, but oils in the transportation sector had high positive RF values. These results had important implications on the energy transition and emission reduction actions in response to climate change. Distinct climate efficiencies of energies and the spatial heterogeneity implied differentiated energy utilization strategies and pollution control policies by region and sector.

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“…Thus, the ensemble perspective of cumulus parameterization is a compromise between reducing model complexity and fairly representing the atmosphere, while significantly reducing computational costs. Cumulus parameterization remains a primary source for generating precipitation in NWPs and general circulation models (GCMs) (Lin et al., 2013, 2020; Qiao & Liang, 2016; Villalba‐Pradas & Tapiador, 2022; Y. Wang et al., 2017, 2021; K. Yang et al., 2022; B. Yang et al, 2023). Additionally, cumulus clouds also dominate the vertical transport of aerosols and trace gases, for instance, Yu et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a New Approach for Entrainment and Detrainment Rate Estimation

Zhu,

Lu,

et al. 2024

JGR Atmospheres

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Entrainment and detrainment rates (ε and δ) constitute the most critical free parameters in mass flux schemes commonly employed for cumulus parameterizations. Recently, Zhu et al. (2021) introduced a new approach that utilizes aircraft observations to simultaneously estimate ε and δ for cumulus clouds, overcoming the limitation of other observation‐based approaches that solely yield ε without offering insights into δ. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the reliability of this new approach. First, evaluation using an Explicit Mixing Parcel Model demonstrates the capability of the new approach to back‐calculate predetermined ε and δ based on the physical properties before and after the entrainment mixing. Second, evaluation using large‐eddy simulations illustrates that the new approach yields consistent ε and δ profiles compared to the traditional approach. Sensitivity tests indicate a weak sensitivity of the estimated δ with the new approach to the entrained air source. A decrease in the proportion of cloudy air in the assumed detrained air leads to a reduction in the estimated δ, while ε remains unaffected. Finally, the most appropriate assumptions for entrained and detrained air are discussed. Estimating ε for cumulus parameterizations involves acquiring ambient air more than 500 m away from the cloud edge as entrained air. Due to implicit mean field approximations in the traditional approach, determining the optimal assumption for detrained air properties proves challenging. This study confirms the reliability of the new approach in estimating ε and δ, providing confidence in its application to extensive observational data and advancement in parameterization.

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Cloud Feedback on Earth's Long‐Term Climate Simulated by a Near‐Global Cloud‐Permitting Model

Cited by 6 publications

References 65 publications

Convection and Clouds under Different Planetary Gravities Simulated by a Small-domain Cloud-resolving Model

Convection and Clouds under Different Planetary Gravities Simulated by a Small-domain Cloud-resolving Model

Divergent Energy-Climate Nexus in the Global Fuel Combustion Processes

Evaluation of a New Approach for Entrainment and Detrainment Rate Estimation

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