Clove oil as anesthetic for guppy

Abstract

The present study evaluated different concentrations of clove oil for anesthesia of guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Adult female, male and juveniles fish were used to assess the influence of the anesthesia. The animals were individually submitted to the following clove oil concentrations: 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 mg L-1. The induction, recovery stages and mortality 96 hours after the experiment were evaluated. All fish exposed to experimental concentrations reached the final stage of anesthesia. Adult female and male and juveniles guppies respond differently to anesthesia induction by clove oil. Thus, it is recommended the use of clove oil on concentrations of 125 mg L-1 for adult males and from 75 mg L-1 to 150 mg L-1 for adult females and juveniles animals.

ANESTHETIC EFFICACY OF CLOVE OIL AND 2-PHENOXYETHANOL ON DOCTOR FISH, <i>Garra rufa</i> (HECKEL, 1843)

“…Our study demonstrated that the effective concentrations in 15 and 25 °C water temperature that produced induction time (Stage 3) within 3 min and recovery time within 5 min were 50-75 μL L -1 for clove oil and 300 μL L -1 for 2-phenoxyethanol, respectively (Table 2, Figure 1). Similar (Mylonas et al, 2005;Serezli et al, 2012;Adel et al, 2016) and different results have been observed by other researchers in S. senegalensis (Weber et al, 2009), Huso huso (Shaluei et al, 2012), P. scalare (Mitjana et al, 2014), P. reticulata (Cunha et al, 2015). The effective clove oil and 2-phenoxyethanol concentrations to induce anesthesia in fish species varies between 27-100 μL L -1 and 200-1400 μL L -1 , respectively (Javahery et al, 2012;Pedrazzani and Neto, 2016;Fujimoto et al, 2018;Mitjana et al, 2018).…”

“…The concentration was considered as insufficient for both anesthetic agents when their concentrations did not cause any induction within 15 minutes. The different stages of induction and recovery of anesthesia were determined according to a protocol adapted from Keene et al (1998) and Cunha et al (2015) (Table 1). After the induction period, recovery times were evaluated.…”

“…Behavioral observations of anesthesia stages adapted from Keene et al (1998) and Cunha et al (2015). Relationships between recovery time in doctor fish at different water temperatures exposed to different concentrations of clove oil and 2-phenoxyethanol.…”

“…The major synthetic anesthetics used in aquaculture are 2-phenoxyethanol (Priborsky and Velisek, 2018), tricaine methanesulphonate (MS-222) and metomidate (Weber et al, 2009), benzocaine (Gökçek et al, 2016), etomidate (Rożyński et al, 2018), propofol and quinaldine sulphate (Priborsky and Velisek, 2018), and ketamine hydrochloride (Adel et al, 2016). Some plant originated essential oils such as basil and lemongrass (Limma-Netto et al, 2016), camphor (Pedrazzani and Neto, 2016), spearmint and lavender (Metin et al, 2015), Myrcia sylvatica and Curcuma longa (Saccol et al, 2017), Aloysia triphylla (Batista et al, 2018), Lippia alba (Souza et al, 2018) rosewood (Kizak et al, 2018), geranium (Can et al, 2018), and clove (Javahery et al, 2012;Cunha et al, 2015;Fujimoto et al, 2018;Mitjana et al, 2018) have recently been studied as potential anesthetic agents in aquaculture.…”

Menthol as a natural anesthetic for guppy

“…The efficacy of anesthetic substances varies between species (CHAMBEL et al 2015) and between individuals of the same species due to the biological characteristics (lineage, size, sex) of each organism (TEIXEIRA et al 2011, PARODI et al 2014, CUNHA et al 2015. Thus, studies on the assessment of concentrations and appropriate safety margins of each anesthetic for each species considering their biological differences are essential.…”