The Z-line is a specialized structure connecting adjacent sarcomeres in muscle cells. ␣-Actinin cross-links actin filaments in the Z-line. Several PDZ-LIM domain proteins localize to the Z-line and interact with ␣-actinin. Actinin-associated LIM protein (ALP), C-terminal LIM domain protein (CLP36), and Z band alternatively spliced PDZ-containing protein (ZASP) have a conserved region named the ZASP-like motif (ZM) between PDZ and LIM domains. To study the interactions and function of ALP we used purified recombinant proteins in surface plasmon resonance measurements. We show that ALP and ␣-actinin 2 have two interaction sites. The ZM motif was required for the interaction of ALP internal region with the ␣-actinin rod and for targeting of ALP to the Z-line. The PDZ domain of ALP bound to the C terminus of ␣-actinin. This is the first indication that the ZM motif would have a direct role in a proteinprotein interaction. These results suggest that the two interaction sites of ALP would stabilize certain conformations of ␣-actinin 2 that would strengthen the Z-line integrity.The muscle Z-line is a highly specialized structure between adjacent sarcomeres in muscle fibers that maintain the organization of the contractile machinery (for review, see Ref. 1). ␣-Actinin is one of the major components at the Z-line. The ␣-actinin polypeptide is composed of an N-terminal actin binding domain, four spectrin repeats that form the central rod region (2, 3), and two pairs of C-terminal EF-hands (4). ␣-Actinin forms an antiparallel homodimer. ␣-Actinin cross-links actin filaments from opposite sarcomeres to the Z-line and, therefore, has a major mechanical function in keeping the sarcomeres together.Several PDZ-LIM proteins have been detected in the muscle Z-line and shown to interact with ␣-actinin (5-12). PDZ domain is a widely expressed protein-protein interaction domain (for review, see Ref. 13). PDZ-LIM proteins form one subgroup of PDZ proteins (13) and are regarded as mediators between cytoskeletal structures and signaling cascades.PDZ-LIM proteins can be divided in two subclasses; they either contain one or three LIM domains. Actinin-associated LIM protein (ALP) 1 (5, 10), C-terminal LIM domain protein (CLP36) (14) (also called hCLIM1 (15) or Elfin (16)), Reversion-induced LIM protein (RIL) (17), and Mystique (Uniprot accession number Q7Z584) belong to the first class, which has one N-terminal PDZ domain and one C-terminal LIM domain. ALP is expressed in muscle (5, 10), whereas CLP36 and RIL are mainly expressed in nonmuscle tissues (11,18,19). CLP36 shows also high expression levels in muscle (7,15,16). Enigma, Enigma homology protein, and ZASP/Cypher/Oracle form the second class, with one N-terminal PDZ domain and three C-terminal LIM domains. They all are expressed mainly in muscle (6, 9, 20 -22). An interesting feature of these seven PDZ-LIM proteins is that ALP, CLP36, and ZASP contain a conserved region, named ZASP-like motif (ZM) (SMART prediction (23) accession number SM 00735, Interpro 006643), in the internal r...