Clubhouse Model and Its Impact on Psychiatric Hospitalization in Canada: A Cohort Study

Russell, Matthew; Lifeso, Natasha; Fazio, Jordan; Piatt, Carley; Kelton, Frank; Cui, Xinjie; Nwachukwu, Izu

doi:10.7870/cjcmh-2021-019

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Nonetheless, the low rate of hospitalizations aligns with previous research of the general population in Canada that found an overall decrease in acute mental health service use (i.e., emergency departments and hospitalization) at pandemic onset and returned to prepandemic levels by July 2020 (Saunders et al, 2021). Further, previous research in a Clubhouse in Canada found that few members (16%) are hospitalized over a 2-year period and that those who had been members longer were less likely to be hospitalized than more recent members (Russell et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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A multisite longitudinal evaluation of Canadian clubhouse members: Impact on hospitalizations and community functioning.

Mutschler,

McShane,

Liebman

et al. 2024

Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal

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Objective: The Clubhouse model of psychosocial rehabilitation supports the personal recovery of individuals with severe mental health challenges. To date, there has never been a multisite, longitudinal study examining the outcomes of Clubhouse members in Canada. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to longitudinally assess the psychosocial outcomes and hospitalization rates of Clubhouse members from six Clubhouses across Canada. An exploratory aim of this study was to assess the psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Clubhouse members. Method: The present study used a participatory approach with six accredited Clubhouses across Canada. A total of 462 Clubhouse members consented to participate in the study. Members completed a questionnaire battery every 6 months over a 2-year period (five data points total). The last three data points were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Primary outcomes included community functioning, measured by the Multnomah Community Ability Scale, and self-reported hospitalization rates. Data were analyzed using multilevel growth models. Results: The results of the analysis indicated stability over the study period in community functioning and rates of hospitalization. Subscales of community functioning, including interference in functioning and behavioral problems improved over the course of the study, while adjustment to the community and social competence remained stable. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: The consistency in outcomes across the study is notable, due to the worldwide impact of COVID-19 on mental health. Clubhouses may have had a buffering effect for members, in that membership diminished the impact of the pandemic on mental health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…EVALUATION OF CANADIAN CLUBHOUSE MEMBERS 5 less likely to be hospitalized than more recent members (Russell et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multisite longitudinal evaluation of Canadian clubhouse members: Impact on hospitalizations and community functioning.

Mutschler,

McShane,

Liebman

et al. 2024

Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal

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“…Prior research supports the role of Clubhouses in promoting a recovery orientation for members (Mowbray et al, 2009), and several positive outcomes are associated with Clubhouse participation (Battin et al, 2016; McKay et al, 2018). For instance, Clubhouses may help to reduce or delay rehospitalization compared to typical community treatment (Beard et al, 1978; Russell et al, 2021), decrease use of inpatient or emergency services (Grinspan, 2015), and reduce overall mental health care costs (Hwang et al, 2017). Clubhouse members earn more wages, work more hours, and report higher employment satisfaction compared to participants in the program of assertive community treatment (PACT; Gold et al, 2016; Macias et al, 2006; Schonebaum & Boyd, 2012).…”

Section: Social Support and Social Network In Smimentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping community: A scoping review of clubhouse members’ social networks and their impact on recovery in mental illness.

Meyer¹,

Agner²,

Botero³

et al. 2023

Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal

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Objective: Social support is an important component of recovery-based interventions for individuals living with severe mental illness (IWSMI). Clubhouses are local community centers that facilitate the development of meaningful relationships among IWSMI through an empowering structure and engagement with the work-ordered day. This review synthesizes research on social networks in Clubhouses to provide insights on the role of supportive relationships in mental illness recovery, including the size and features of social networks of Clubhouse members, methodological trends and gaps, and the associations between social networks and demographic variables, recovery, health, and perceived social support. Method: Research on social networks within Clubhouses were identified and analyzed following a systematic six-stage scoping review design. Results: Twelve articles across six studies were included. Results revealed considerable variation in social network interview methods and network size and features. Overall findings suggest that network size is not consistently associated with reported loneliness, social support, recovery, or quality of life. A deep relationship with at least one supportive person, level of perceived affiliation with Clubhouses, or positive comments from network members may be more or equally valuable than a larger network. Some studies found that types of relationships were associated with unique benefits. Stronger peer networks were associated with relationship satisfaction, while increased connections with health care professionals and family were associated with reduced hospitalizations. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: Future research should diversify research designs, expand the use of social network analysis and visualization, measure additional outcomes including recovery and health, and increase sample diversity. Impact and ImplicationsThis review highlights relationship characteristics and associations with recovery within Clubhouses, a unique community mental-health model. Findings support Clubhouses' role in facilitating the wellbeing of members through increasing social capital and fostering a context for recovery. Furthermore, findings suggest that deepening relationships or enhancing positive connection may be more or equally important than increasing the size of a social network, and individual characteristics within a network impact recovery outcomes.

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“…The primary benefit of this is to provide a meaningful activity that helps people with mental illness gain independence. Several studies emphasised that attendees of Clubhouses have higher rates of employment, reduced rates of hospitalisation and 315 incarceration, and improved well-being (Fekete et al, 2021;Halvorsrud et al, 2018;McKay et al, 2018;Rollings, 2022;Russell et al, 2021). Additionally, the Clubhouse model is estimated to cost one-third of inpatient services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Life does not feel hopeless anymore..."

Kvalsvik,

Tokovska

2023

Kontakt

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Introduction:The Clubhouse concept is a therapeutic community with the philosophy that its members, including those with mental illness as well as the staff, are all colleagues working side by side to perform the work important to the Clubhouse community. This qualitative study aims to explore the experiences that members of a Clubhouse in Norway had with social support and takes a salutogenetic approach. Methods: Ten members of a Clubhouse in Norway contributed to this study; six persons with mental illness participated in semi-structured in-depth interviews and four staff attended a focus group interview. Results: Participants expressed three main themes: (i) a fellowship promotes belonging (ii) increasing belief in one's own skills, and (iii) self-decision-making promotes the use of resources. Conclusion: This study summarises the importance of belonging, autonomy, and participation as the fundamentals of the social support experience. Future research should be focussed on Clubhouse members from minority backgrounds and differences in experiences within psychosocial recovery outcomes.

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Clubhouse Model and Its Impact on Psychiatric Hospitalization in Canada: A Cohort Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

A multisite longitudinal evaluation of Canadian clubhouse members: Impact on hospitalizations and community functioning.

A multisite longitudinal evaluation of Canadian clubhouse members: Impact on hospitalizations and community functioning.

Mapping community: A scoping review of clubhouse members’ social networks and their impact on recovery in mental illness.

"Life does not feel hopeless anymore..."

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