Cluster ions ejected from an Li-Mg alloy liquid metal ion source: Observation of MG22+ and MG32+

Saito, Yahachi; Ishida, Toshiyuki; Noda, Tokiti

doi:10.1016/1044-0305(91)80063-d

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Bimetallic dicationic species have been observed experimentally, 25 and the dependence of the electronic energy on the Mg−Mg distance has been predicted theoretically with highlevel quantum-mechanical calculations. 26 Here we computed the quantum-mechanical energy−metal ion separation distance curves of a number of pertinent systems having outer shell 3s− 3s σ, 4s−3s σ, and 4s−4s σ bonding designations (see Methods) (Figure 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hiding in Plain Sight: The Bimetallic Magnesium Covalent Bond in Enzyme Active Sites

et al. 2016

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The transfer of phosphate groups is an essential function of many intracellular biological enzymes. The transfer is, in many cases, facilitated by a protein scaffold involving two closely spaced magnesium “ions”. It has long been a mystery as to how these “ions” can retain their closely spaced positions throughout enzymatic phosphate transfer: Coulomb’s law would dictate large repulsive forces between these ions at observed distances. Here we show, however, that the electron density can be borrowed from nearby electron rich oxygens to populate a bonding molecular orbital, largely localized between the magnesium “ions”. The result is that the Mg-Mg core of these phosphate transfer enzymes is surprisingly similar to metastable [Mg2]2+ ion in the gas phase, an ion which has been identified experimentally and studied with high level quantum mechanical calculations. This similarity is confirmed with comparative computations of the electron density for [Mg2]2+ in the gas phase and for the Mg-Mg core in the structures derived from QM/MM studies on high resolution x-ray crystal structures. That there is a level of covalent bonding between the two Mg “ions” at the core of these enzymes is a novel concept which enables an improved vision of how these enzymes function at the molecular level. The concept is broader than magnesium—other biologically relevant metals (e.g., Mn and Zn) can also form similar stabilizing covalent Me-Me bonds in both organometallic and inorganic crystals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hiding in Plain Sight: The Bimetallic Magnesium Covalent Bond in Enzyme Active Sites

et al. 2016

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“…ions have been generated from a liquid Li/Mg alloy and detected by mass spectrometry. 28 Furthermore, the formation of the synthetically important Grignard reagents 29 RMgX (R = monoanionic organic substituent, X = halide) has been proposed to proceed via some Mg I intermediates, e.g. RMgMgX, and accordingly, theoretical studies have been investigating this proposal with the conclusion that Mg atom insertion into RMgX molecules is generally slightly exothermic.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable dimeric magnesium(i) compounds: from chemical landmarks to versatile reagents

2011

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The chemistry of the s-block metals is dominated by the +1 oxidation state for the Alkali metals (group 1) and the +2 oxidation state for the Alkaline Earth metals (group 2). In recent years, a series of stable dimeric magnesium(I) compounds has been prepared and their chemistry has started to develop. These complexes feature "deformable" Mg-Mg single bonds and are stabilised by sterically demanding and chelating anionic N-ligands that prevent their disproportionation. They have rapidly proven useful in organic and organometallic/inorganic reduction reactions as hydrocarbon soluble, stoichiometric, selective and safe reducing agents. The scope of this perspective focuses on stable molecular compounds of the general type LMgMgL and describes their synthesis, structures, theoretical and spectroscopic studies as well as their further chemistry. Also, comparisons are drawn with related complexes including magnesium(II) hydrides and dimeric zinc(I) compounds.

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“…2. Detailed description on singly charged homoatomic and bimetallic clusters as well as the doubly charged Mg clusters will appear elsewhere [11]. The intensity variations of the two series show a similar pattern to each other; cluster cations containing even number of valence electrons give local maxima or step edges (evenodd oscillation).…”

Section: Li-namentioning

confidence: 87%

Bimetallic cluster cations ejected from a liquid metal ion source: Li-Na and Li-Mg

Saito

Noda²

1991

Z Phys D - Atoms, Molecules and Clusters

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Cluster ions of alloys (Li-Na, Li-Mg) have been produced by a liquid metal ion source (LMIS), and analyzed by mass spectrometry. For the Li-Na system, bimetallic clusters with various compositions were formed, and dominant bimetallic species were Na2Li ÷, NaLi +, NaLi2 ÷ and NaLi8 ÷ with this sequence of ion intensity. These clusters are systems containing 2 or 8 valence electrons except for NaLi ÷. For the Li-Mg, observed bimetallic clusters were limited to only three species (MgLi +, MgLi2 ÷ and MgzLi+), but unexpectedly small multiply charged homonuclear clusters, Mg22+ and Mg32+, were observed.

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Cluster ions ejected from an Li-Mg alloy liquid metal ion source: Observation of MG₂²⁺ and MG₃²⁺

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Hiding in Plain Sight: The Bimetallic Magnesium Covalent Bond in Enzyme Active Sites

Hiding in Plain Sight: The Bimetallic Magnesium Covalent Bond in Enzyme Active Sites

Stable dimeric magnesium(i) compounds: from chemical landmarks to versatile reagents

Bimetallic cluster cations ejected from a liquid metal ion source: Li-Na and Li-Mg

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