Cluster Model of the Mechanism of Sensitivity of Gas Sensors Based on MIS Structures

Литвинов, А. В.; Samotaev, Nikolay; Etrekova, Maya; Klishin, Yu. A.; Korolev, Nikolay

doi:10.1134/s1063778819110115

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Some hydrogen atoms penetrate the boundary with the dielectric either directly through the pores in the Pd film or by tunnel mechanism through Pd grains (clusters). [ 146 ] Penetrated hydrogen atoms form a polarized dipole layer of H in the interface Pd–dielectric. The equilibrium between the hydrogen concentration at the Pd surface and the hydrogen concentration at the Pd–insulator interface reaches in a few seconds.…”

Section: The Catalytic Action In Hydrogen Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Work Function‐Based Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Hydrogen Sensor and Its Functionality: A Review

Sahoo

Kale

2021

Adv Materials Inter

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Solar PV and wind energy conversion systems convert input energy directly to electricity, are techno-economically viable, and have already achieved grid parity. [3,4] Though renewables fulfill most modern energysource criteria, they still possess low energy density, are challenging to transport, less efficient, costly, and are intrinsically intermittent, thus requiring a storage media.Hydrogen, a less popular renewable, can be used as a fuel as apart from being abundant gas, possesses high energy density, [5] exhibits better combustion characteristics, [5] owes a nonpolluting nature, [6] and has several other favorable properties, listed in Table 1. Hydrogen is a promising alternative energy source [6,7] that overcomes most of the challenges faced by classical renewables.Figure 2 describes hydrogen energy transformation from primary energy sources to the end-users in an integrated way. The hydrogen production, storage, transportation and delivery, application, awareness and capacity building, safety codes and standards are all interrelated to form the hydrogen energy system. The two prime methods of producing hydrogen are i) from the conventional process, and ii) using renewable energy sources (such as biomass, solar, wind, and hydro). Hydrogen possesses significantly higher gravimetric energy density than other storage techniques (such as batteries, pumped hydropower, supercapacitors, Flywheels, pressurized air). The use of abundant renewable energy when available, hydrogen production, and storage is an optimal choice. Hydrogen can be stored as pressurized gas or as a cryogenic liquid or solid fuel. [27] Storage of hydrogen as a gas typically requires high-pressure tanks (350-700 bar tank pressure). Due to the low boiling point (−252.8 °C at atmospheric pressure), liquid hydrogen storage requires cryogenic temperature.The conventional conversion of fossil fuel feedstock to hydrogen includes steam-methane reforming, thermal cracking of natural gas, thermal decomposition (partial oxidation) of heavy oil, catalytic decomposition of natural gas, coal gasification, and steam-iron coal gasification. [20][21][22][23][24][25] When released into the atmosphere, the conventional methods generate CO 2 as a by-product, assisting global warming. The generation of renewable hydrogen makes it more economical and environmentally benign. Electrolysis uses electrical power supplied from renewables to produce hydrogen and oxygen. Biomass routes Hydrogen, a nonpolluting gas, is emerging as an ideal, suitable, and economical energy carrier. The current global non-carbon hydrogen production is 105.8 MW in 2020 and is expected to reach 218 MW in 2021. Hydrogen possesses low ignition energy of 0.017 mJ and reacts exothermically with air, posing severe safety challenges. Humanly undetectable gas needs accurate and sensitive sensors to prevent accidents. Amongst different hydrogen sensors currently developed, work function-based sensors are sensitive, selective, costeffective, smaller in size, less susceptible to environmental change, an...

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Section: The Catalytic Action In Hydrogen Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Work Function‐Based Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Hydrogen Sensor and Its Functionality: A Review

Sahoo

Kale

2021

Adv Materials Inter

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“…To solve the problem of increasing the sensitivity of the MIS sensor, a new type of MIS structure, Pd-SnO 2 -SiO 2 -Si, was fabricated and studied, characterized in that the dielectric layer of SnO 2 was additionally sprayed onto the SiO 2 film by the magnetron sputtering of tin in the presence of oxygen. This method allows the formation of a dielectric film with a highly effective surface area, which, according to [34], can contribute to a significant increase in sensitivity. The experimental results obtained on the electronic circuit for measuring the sensor's signal using capacitance-to-digital converter [38] confirm this (Figure 11).…”

Section: Investigation Of the Possibility Of Increasing The Sensitivimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The principle of operation of gas capacitive MIS sensors [34] is as follows. Molecules of gases from the atmosphere are adsorbed on the surface of the metal (palladium) electrode and diffuse through the porous film of Pd-gate to the metal-insulator (MI) interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prototype of Nitro Compound Vapor and Trace Detector Based on a Capacitive MIS Sensor

Samotaev

Литвинов

Etrekova

et al. 2020

Sensors

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A prototype of a nitro compound vapor and trace detector, which uses the pyrolysis method and a capacitive gas sensor based on the metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) structure type Pd–SiO2–Si, was developed and manufactured. It was experimentally established that the detection limit of trinitrotoluene trace for the detector prototype is 1 × 10−9 g, which corresponds to concentration from 10−11 g/cm3 to 10−12 g/cm3. The prototype had a response time of no more than 30 s. The possibility of further improving the characteristics of the prototype detector by reducing the overall dimensions and increasing the sensitivity of the MIS sensors is shown.

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“…2b) up to 10 nm thick, gas molecules are adsorbed on traps with a surface density of the order of 10 11 cm -2 , which leads to a change in the sensor capacitance (pF) due to the shift of its capacitance-voltage characteristic. [26][27][28] An example of the MIS sensor capacitancevoltage characteristic shift under the various hydrogen concentrations action in the air is shown in the Fig. 4.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, molecules of even polyatomic gases can freely pass through numerous pores between nano crystallites up to the Pd-Ta 2 O 5 interface. In the Pd x (Ta 2 O 5 ) y transition layer (Fig.2b) up to 10 nm thick, gas molecules are adsorbed on traps with a surface density of the order of 10 11 cm -2 , which leads to a change in the sensor capacitance (pF) due to the shift of its capacitance-voltage characteristic [26][27][28]. An example of the MIS sensor capacitancevoltage characteristic shift under the various hydrogen concentrations action in the air is shown in the Fig.4.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Concentration Control in Oil-Filled Power Transformers Using Field Effect Capacitive Gas Sensors

Литвинов

Samotaev

Etrekova

et al. 2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A simple method is demonstrated for hydrogen concentrations measurement directly in transformer oil and in the gas space above it use a highly sensitive (at the level of units and fractions of ppm) gas sensor based on a metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitive structure (MIS sensor). The results obtained can be used in online monitoring systems and predicting the power transformers integral performance, in particular those that have been put into operation long ago, by tracking slow and invisible at the initial stage aging processes of current-carrying connections and structural elements.

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Cluster Model of the Mechanism of Sensitivity of Gas Sensors Based on MIS Structures

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Work Function‐Based Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Hydrogen Sensor and Its Functionality: A Review

Work Function‐Based Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Hydrogen Sensor and Its Functionality: A Review

Prototype of Nitro Compound Vapor and Trace Detector Based on a Capacitive MIS Sensor

Hydrogen Concentration Control in Oil-Filled Power Transformers Using Field Effect Capacitive Gas Sensors

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