Cluster production in quark-hadron phase transition in heavy-ion collisions

Hwa, Rudolph C.; Lam, C. S.; Pan, Jicai

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.72.820

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…On the other hand, the formation of large clusters and their further disassembly will lead to the significant multiplicity fluctuations in rapidity spectra of secondary particles which should also have low transverse momenta. To search for these clusters experimentally one can examine the rapidity and azimuthal distribution in small p T -intervals, looking for islands in sea of empty bins [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous nucleation of quark-gluon plasma, finite size effects, and long-lived metastable objects

Zabrodin¹,

Bravina²,

Stöcker³

et al. 1999

Phys. Rev. C

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The general formalism of homogeneous nucleation theory is applied to study the hadronization pattern of the ultra-relativistic quark-gluon plasma (QGP) undergoing a first order phase transition. A coalescence model is proposed to describe the evolution dynamics of hadronic clusters produced in the nucleation process. The size distribution of the nucleated clusters is important for the description of the plasma conversion. The model is most sensitive to the initial conditions of the QGP thermalization, time evolution of the energy density, and the interfacial energy of the plasma−hadronic matter interface. The rapidly expanding QGP is first supercooled by about ∆T = T − T c = 4 − 6 %. Then it reheats again up to the critical temperature T c . Finally it breaks up into hadronic clusters and small droplets of plasma. This fast dynamics occurs within the first 5−10 fm/c. The finite size effects and fluctuations near the critical temperature are studied. It is shown that a drop of longitudinally expanding QGP of the transverse radius below 4.5 fm can display a long-lived metastability. However, both in the rapid and in the delayed hadronization scenario, the bulk pion yield is emitted by sources as large as 3 − 4.5 fm. This may be detected experimentally both by a HBT interferometry signal and by the analysis of the rapidity distributions of particles in narrow p T -intervals at small |p T | on an event-by-event basis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous nucleation of quark-gluon plasma, finite size effects, and long-lived metastable objects

Zabrodin¹,

Bravina²,

Stöcker³

et al. 1999

Phys. Rev. C

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“…We consider the problem with emphasis on different issues: (a) geometry of the plasma in heavy-ion collisions, (b) modification of (39), (c) fluctuations due to collisional effects, and (d) possible observables related to fluctuations. 32 For the longitudinally expanding cylinderical plasma produced in a head-on heavyion collision, T in the quark phase at r < r 0 decreases with t, but is greater than the transition temperature T t . The region therefore serves as the source of quarks and gluons for the region M where T ~ T t .…”

Section: Cluster Growth In Heavy-ion Collisionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Our consideration here is only for the region in the annular ring ro <r < r^, which we shall refer to as the M region, for short. 32 The usual description of the first-order PT in the mixed phase is in terms of the free energy, which for spherical hadronic bubbles has the form AF = -J R 3 Ap + AnR 2 <r,…”

Section: Cluster Growth In Heavy-ion Collisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling Properties of Quark-Hadron Phase Transition

Hwa

1995

Quark-Gluon Plasma 2

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“…Instead of making drastic approximations necessary to put the problem on a continuum basis amenable to analytical solution, we confront the complications by finding a set of rules that capture the essence of the dynamics. This has been done both in 1D [1] and in 2D [2]. We refer the reader to those references for the details of the precise rules.…”

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confidence: 99%

Self-organized criticality in quark-hadron phase transition

Hwa

Pan

1995

Nuclear Physics A

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The problem of clusters growth in quark-hadron phase transition in heavy-ion collision is investigated by cellular automata. The system is found to exhibit self-organized criticality with the distribution of cluster sizes having universal scaling behavior.This paper describes an unconventional study of an unconventional signature of quark-gluon plasma. It concerns the properties of the hadrons produced after phase transition. It is possible that the proposed signature might be suppressed by factors not yet considered, but if it survives, there are no competing processes that can cause ambiguity in the interpretation of what is observed. For the moment the issue is what to expect under the best of circumstances.The problem is about the growth of hadronic clusters in the mixed phase, which we take to be in an annular ring in a 2D section at midrapidity of the expanding cylinder after a head-on heavy-ion collision. Hadrons, after nucleation, move radially outward in the annular ring and can encounter one another, resulting possibly in coalescence and in the formation of hadronic clusters, if it is energetically favorable to reduce the surface area. Growth without collisions is also possible. The clusters need not be spherical. Depending on factors that we know very little about dendritic or porous structures cannot be ruled out. Since the clusters in the quark environment behave much like massive colloids suspended in a fluid, they carry out Brownian motion, in the course of which the clusters collide and grow in size. Because 1

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Cluster production in quark-hadron phase transition in heavy-ion collisions

Cited by 20 publications

References 18 publications

Homogeneous nucleation of quark-gluon plasma, finite size effects, and long-lived metastable objects

Homogeneous nucleation of quark-gluon plasma, finite size effects, and long-lived metastable objects

Scaling Properties of Quark-Hadron Phase Transition

Self-organized criticality in quark-hadron phase transition

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