Clustering of behavioural risk factors for health in UK adults in 2016: a cross-sectional survey

Birch, Jack M; Petty, Robert; Hooper, Lucie; Bauld, Linda; Rosenberg, Gillian; Vohra, Jyotsna

doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdy144

Cited by 39 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Consequently, total risk of CVD is the sum of respective risks arising from the incidence of major CRFs. [10][11][12][13][14] The estimated risk of a CVD increases with the emergence of an additional CRF. 15 Age is also frequently allocated into the same category.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Age-Dependent Disparities in the Prevalence of Single and Clustering Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Older Adults</p>

Macek¹,

Žák²,

Terek-Derszniak³

et al. 2020

CIA

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Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide; with age acknowledged as an independent cardiovascular risk factor (CRF) in adults. Appreciating the association between age and classic CRFs is believed to boost all potential benefits of prevention. Purpose: Assessment of the prevalence of single and clustered CRFs and their association with age. Patients and Methods: The survey involved 4735 people (33.6% men) who were PONS project attendees aged 45-64. The study protocol comprised the Health Status Questionnaire, general medical examination, anthropometric measurements, and blood and urine sampling. The prevalence of single and clustered CRFs (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and obesity) in the incrementally split age groups was calculated. The incidence rate of CRFs, against their absence, was determined by Poisson regression models with robust standard errors. Results: The prevalence of CRFs was established in 90% of the respondents. Except dyslipidemia and ≥1 CRFs, prevalence of risk factors increased with age, although this trend was the weakest in men. In the total group, and in women, prevalence of dyslipidemia and ≥1 CRFs was unrelated to age, whereas in men, it was on the rise in the younger age groups. The incidence rate of CRFs was strongly related to age, and, with the exception of dyslipidemia, was higher in the older age groups. Conclusion: Cardiovascular risk factors are common in the adult population, while their prevalence and clustering are more prevalent in seniors. Apart from dyslipidemia, the risk of CRFs is appreciably age-related, and higher in seniors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Age-Dependent Disparities in the Prevalence of Single and Clustering Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Older Adults</p>

Macek¹,

Žák²,

Terek-Derszniak³

et al. 2020

CIA

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“…Integrating a broader cancer prevention approach may be especially beneficial for lung cancer screening participants given existing data showing that behavioural risk factors cluster. For example, those who smoke are also less likely to be physically active or drink within recommended alcohol limits . Further research is needed to quantify these responses and understand how to best provide and integrate advice and signposting to support within lung screening services.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, those who smoke are also less likely to be physically active or drink within recommended alcohol limits. 26,27 Further research is needed to quantify these responses and understand how to best provide and integrate advice and signposting to support within lung screening services.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the spectrum of psychological and behavioural responses to low‐dose CT lung cancer screening offered within a Lung Health Check

Kummer

Waller

Cass

et al. 2020

Health Expectations

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Background Research on the psychological impact of low‐dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screening has typically been narrow in scope and restricted to the trial setting. Objective To explore the range of psychological and behavioural responses to LDCT screening offered as part of a Lung Heath Check (LHC), including lung cancer risk assessment, spirometry testing, a carbon monoxide reading and smoking cessation advice. Methods Semi‐structured interviews were carried out with 28 current and former smokers (aged 60‐75), who had undergone LDCT screening as part of a LHC appointment and mostly received an incidental or indeterminate result (n = 23). Framework analysis was used to map the spectrum of responses participants had across the LHC appointment and screening pathway, to their LDCT results and to surveillance. Results Interviewees reported a diverse range of both positive and negative psychological responses, beginning at invitation and spanning the entire LHC appointment (including spirometry) and LDCT screening pathway. Similarly, positive behavioural responses extended beyond smoking cessation to include anticipated implications for other cancer prevention and early detection behaviours, such as symptom presentation. Individual differences in responses appeared to be influenced by smoking status and LDCT result, as well as modifiable factors including perceived risk and health status, social support, competing priorities, fatalism and perceived stigma. Conclusions The diverse ways in which participants responded to screening, both psychologically and behaviourally, should direct a broader research agenda to ensure all stages of screening delivery and communication are designed to promote well‐being, motivate positive behaviour change and maximize patient benefit.

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“…44 We cannot recommend small alcohol amounts to prevent some diseases, at the risk of others developing, nor can we recommend such to current chronic disease patients. Moreover, given drinking's high correlation with smoking, 45 Physical activity is important for chronic disease management. The benefits of physical activity for hypertension and diabetes patients are well known; regular physical activity is recommended in the treatment guidelines for these diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health behaviors in major chronic diseases patients: Trends and regional variations analysis, 2008–2017, Korea

Jeon

Pyo

Park

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Improving the health behaviors of those with chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes is important for disease management. Few in-depth studies have been conducted in Korea on the health behaviors of chronic disease patients. This study examined the health behaviors of chronic disease patients over time and compared them with those of the general population.Methods: Data obtained from the Korea Community Health Survey from 2008 to 2017 were analyzed. Thirteen diseases were included in this analysis, namely, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, angina, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, cataract, and depression. The current smoking rate, drinking rate, and the walking rate, which are leading health behaviors necessary for preventing chronic diseases, were analyzed by disease type. We compared patients’ health behaviors with those of the general population and identified regional variations.Results: Although the current overall smoking rate was seemingly declining, the overall monthly drinking and high-risk drinking rates were increasing. In 2017, patients experiencing depression symptoms had a higher smoking rate than did the general population; hypertension and diabetes patients had a higher risk-drinking rate than did the latter. The general population’s walking rate was highest. There were considerable variations by region among chronic disease patients.Conclusions: Chronic disease patients displayed worse health behaviors than those of the general population, in some instances. Rather than focusing only on chronic disease patients’ medication adherence, strategies must be devised to improve their smoking cessation rate, decrease their drinking rate, and increase their walking rate.

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Clustering of behavioural risk factors for health in UK adults in 2016: a cross-sectional survey

Abstract: Policies and services in the UK tend to focus on changing behaviour to address individual risk factors. This study shows that policies and interventions need to address multiple risk factors.

Cited by 39 publications

References 36 publications

<p>Age-Dependent Disparities in the Prevalence of Single and Clustering Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Older Adults</p>

<p>Age-Dependent Disparities in the Prevalence of Single and Clustering Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Older Adults</p>

Mapping the spectrum of psychological and behavioural responses to low‐dose CT lung cancer screening offered within a Lung Health Check

Health behaviors in major chronic diseases patients: Trends and regional variations analysis, 2008–2017, Korea

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