Clustering of Hepatitis B virus Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Family<sup>1</sup>

Gilmore, I T; Harrison, Jessica Mary; Parkins, R. A.

doi:10.1177/014107688107401114

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In addition, Mercury was modified by the addition of a user-defined force in order to take account of firstorder post-Newtonian relativistic corrections (Gilmore, & Ross 2008). This correction allows the orbital behaviour of the innermost planets to modeled accurately, ensuring that our results fairly reflect the physical reality of the orbital evolution of the planets in question.…”

Section: Dynamical Simulation and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ricker et al 2015;Sullivan et al 2015). At the same time, new instruments such as the James Webb Space Telescope (Gardner et al 2006;Kempton et al 2018) and the next generation of ultra-large ground based telescopes (such as the European Extremely Large Telescope and the Giant Magellan Telescope; Gilmozzi, & Spyromilio 2007;Johns et al 2012) are expected to be able to deliver the first measurements that could properly characterise such planets, and potentially detect any evidence of life upon them (e.g. Beichman et al 2014;Barstow & Irwin 2016;Schwieterman et al 2016;Meadows et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying the Influence of Jupiter on the Earth’s Orbital Cycles

Horner

Vervoort

Kane

et al. 2019

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A wealth of Earth-sized exoplanets will be discovered in the coming years, proving a large pool of candidates from which the targets for the search for life beyond the Solar system will be chosen. The target selection process will require the leveraging of all available information in order to maximize the robustness of the target list and make the most productive use of follow-up resources. Here, we present the results of a suite of n-body simulations that demonstrate the degree to which the orbital architecture of the Solar system impacts the variability of Earth's orbital elements. By varying the orbit of Jupiter and keeping the initial orbits of the other planets constant, we demonstrate how subtle changes in Solar system architecture could alter the Earth's orbital evolution -a key factor in the Milankovitch cycles that alter the amount and distribution of solar insolation, thereby driving periodic climate change on our planet. The amplitudes and frequencies of Earth's modern orbital cycles fall in the middle of the range seen in our runs for all parameters considered -neither unusually fast nor slow, nor large nor small. This finding runs counter to the 'Rare Earth' hypothesis, which suggests that conditions on Earth are so unusual that life elsewhere is essentially impossible. Our results highlight how dynamical simulations of newly discovered exoplanetary systems could be used as an additional means to assess the potential targets of biosignature searches, and thereby help focus the search for life to the most promising targets.

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Section: Dynamical Simulation and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Influence of Jupiter on the Earth’s Orbital Cycles

Horner

Vervoort

Kane

et al. 2019

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“…Gilmore et al observed familial clustering of HCC in a Chinese family and concluded that HCC observed in 3 or 4 male siblings even in the presence of hepatitis B infection seemed statistically unlikely to occur by chance [ 27 ]. It was therefore suggested that another risk factor such as environmental (aflatoxin from fermented crops) exposure in certain parts of Africa and/or genetic factors may be involved [ 8 , 28 , 29 ]. Being rare, familial fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma clustering has never been reported [ 7 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Familial hepatocellular carcinoma in an endemic area: two case reports

et al. 2015

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BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually affects patients aged 50–70 years but earlier onset (25–40 years) may occur in hepatitis B endemic areas. 70–90 % of HCC develop on a background of cirrhosis. However, hepatitis B virus is directly oncogenic and can cause HCC in the absence of cirrhosis. This may represent a major cause of death from late diagnosis in resource-limited areas.Case presentationWe report a black African family in which clinical diagnosis of HCC was made on two male siblings in the south west region of Cameroon.ConclusionsThe highest risk for HCC may occur in families in which a hereditary component may be acting in concert with hepatitis B virus. In all cases of HCC, it is important to screen all first degree relatives to detect early and asymptomatic disease.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1366-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Lok et al [20] revealed the morbidity and mortality from chronic hepatitis B virus infection in family members of patients with malignant and non-malignant hepatitis B virus-related chronic liver disease. Gilmore et al [21] observed familial clustering of HCC in a Chinese family and concluded that HCC observed in 3 or 4 male siblings even in the presence of hepatitis B infection seemed statistically unlikely to occur by chance. It was therefore suggested that another risk factor such as environmental and/or genetic factors may be involved [22,23].…”

Section: Familial Hepatocellular Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

2. Familial Hepatocellular Carcinoma: ‘A model for studying preventive and therapeutic measures’

Weledji

2018

European Journal of Surgical Oncology

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide, with more than 80% of cases found in endemic areas of hepatitis B such as Africa or East Asia. A family history of liver cancer increases HCC risk, independently of hepatitis. The combination of family history of liver cancer and hepatitis B/C serum markers is associated with an over 70-fold elevated HCC risk and poor prognosis. Only limited attention has been given to the role of primary genetic factors in HCC, but scattered anecdotal reports have identified familial aggregations of HCC. This article reviewed the literature on familial hepatocellular carcinoma and suggest that familial HCC may be a good model for studying preventive and therapeutic measures.

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Clustering of Hepatitis B virus Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Family¹

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Quantifying the Influence of Jupiter on the Earth’s Orbital Cycles

Quantifying the Influence of Jupiter on the Earth’s Orbital Cycles

Familial hepatocellular carcinoma in an endemic area: two case reports

2. Familial Hepatocellular Carcinoma: ‘A model for studying preventive and therapeutic measures’

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Clustering of Hepatitis B virus Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Family1

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Quantifying the Influence of Jupiter on the Earth’s Orbital Cycles

Quantifying the Influence of Jupiter on the Earth’s Orbital Cycles

Familial hepatocellular carcinoma in an endemic area: two case reports

2. Familial Hepatocellular Carcinoma: ‘A model for studying preventive and therapeutic measures’

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Clustering of Hepatitis B virus Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Family¹