CMOS/CCD Sensors and Camera Systems, Second Edition

Holst, Gerald C.; Lomheim, Terrence S.

doi:10.1117/3.2524677

Cited by 119 publications

(160 citation statements)

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“…Limited dynamic range is problematic in pulsed experiments for which a stroboscopic mode is difficult or impossible, for example when samples are destroyed by one or a few shots, for example, in X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs). Here, semiconductor detectors such as direct-detection CCDs can prove inadequate owing to the limited charge capacity of individual pixels [10,11]. Detector saturation may be anticipated and measures taken to avoid it, but with little opportunity for optimisation.…”

Section: Structural Dynamics and The Problem Of X-ray Detector Dynamimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through the maturity of photographic emulsion technologies, they were prerequisites for successful crystallography structure solutions by 1913 [1,2]. Studies of formation, kinetics, diffusion and the many decay mechanisms of colour centres [3][4][5][6][7][8] also formed the background in which today's semiconductor radiation detectors were first developed [9][10][11]. Optical reconstruction of X-ray diffraction data enjoyed its first successes in 1929 [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revisiting Bragg's X-ray microscope: Scatter based optical transient grating detection of pulsed ionising radiation

2011

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Section: Structural Dynamics and The Problem Of X-ray Detector Dynamimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting Bragg's X-ray microscope: Scatter based optical transient grating detection of pulsed ionising radiation

2011

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“…An infrared camera is generally used for low-light-level imaging, but it can capture a single channel image only. Recently, there have been some remarkable hardware advances in the low-light imaging, e.g., an intensified CCD (ICCD) [9], electronbombarded CCD (EBCCD) [13], and electron multiplying CCD (EMCCD) [3]. In particular, the EMCCD performs very well in extremely low-light-level conditions, in which either intensified or slow-scan sensors were previously used [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its advantage over the CCD camera is that the gain is applied prior to a readout, thus minimizing deleterious effects of the readout noise in low-light-level conditions [9,12]. The EMCCD research has been becoming popular among the imaging community [2,3,11,12,17,18,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EMCCD color correction based on spectral sensitivity analysis

Son

Kang

Min

et al. 2015

Multimed Tools Appl

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The sensor response function of a color camera is very essential to understand an overall camera imaging pipeline and to process captured images. It is also true when we characterize underlying imaging behaviors of the electron multiplying charge coupled device (EMCCD) camera, which was recently proposed to acquire color images in lowlight-level conditions. Unlike existing CCD cameras, the EMCCD camera contains partially uni-modal spectral sensitivity functions (SSFs), some of which consists of two base (bimodal) functions, thus often leading to a serious color distortion in existing characterization techniques. To address this problem, we propose a novel method that corrects output colors of the EMCCD camera by analyzing its partially uni-modal characteristics. Specifically, our goal is to correct such color distortion by adjusting bi-modal SSFs to be uni-modal. We remove the secondary region of bi-modal channels using a pre-calculated spectral sensitivity of the EMCCD camera. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method reduces the color distortion as well as enlarges a color gamut, which is crucial to color reproduction.

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“…The most commonly used image intensifier for such purpose is a proximity-focused unit combining a photocathode, a microchannel plate electron multiplier, and a phosphor screen arranged in series. 2 These can be gated either by pulsing the voltage between the light-sensitive photocathode and the front face of the microchannel plate, or alternatively, the voltage across the microchannel plate can be switched. In the first case, the composition of the cathode determines the conductivity, which limits the speed of the high voltage pulse propagation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data processing correction of the irising effect of a fast-gating intensified charge-coupled device on laser-pulse-excited luminescence spectra

Ondič

Dohnalová

Pelant

et al. 2010

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Intensified charge-coupled devices (ICCDs) comprise the advantages of both fast gating detectors and spectrally broad CCDs into one device that enables temporally and spectrally resolved measurements with a few nanosecond resolution. Gating of the measured signal occurs in the image intensifier tube, where a high voltage is applied between the detector photocathode and a microchannel plate electron multiplier. An issue arises in time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy when signal onset characterization is required. In this case, the transient gate closing process that causes the detected signal always arises in the middle of the ICCD chip regardless of the spectral detection window--the so-called irising effect. We demonstrate that in case when the detection gate width is comparable to the opening/closing time and the gate is pretriggered with respect to the signal onset, the irising effect causes the obtained data to be strongly distorted. At the same time, we propose a software procedure that leads to the spectral correction of the irising effect and demonstrate its validity on the distorted data.

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CMOS/CCD Sensors and Camera Systems, Second Edition

Cited by 119 publications

References 0 publications

Revisiting Bragg's X-ray microscope: Scatter based optical transient grating detection of pulsed ionising radiation

Revisiting Bragg's X-ray microscope: Scatter based optical transient grating detection of pulsed ionising radiation

EMCCD color correction based on spectral sensitivity analysis

Data processing correction of the irising effect of a fast-gating intensified charge-coupled device on laser-pulse-excited luminescence spectra

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