CMOS Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistors for Highly Sensitive Detection of DNA Hybridization

Review—Bio-Nanosensors: Fundamentals and Recent Applications

“…138,139 Chang and Lu developed an ISFET biosensor implemented in a 0.35-μm CMOS process for direct detection of DNA hybridization. 140 This work demonstrated the excellent capabilities of CMOS ISFET to provide highly sensitive and label-free detection. A novel ISFET-based immunosensor capable to detect low concentrations of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in saliva to monitoring patients with heart diseases was developed by Alcacer et al 141 Here, the immunosensor achieved a LOD of 5 pg ml −1 and was implemented as a IoT-based system to facilitate its operativity and portability.…”

A CMOS-Based Capacitive Biosensor for Detection of a Breast Cancer MicroRNA Biomarker

“…In a previous study [26], an ion-sensitive field-effect transistor was used to detect a 19-bp hepatitis B virus DNA fragment at concentrations ranging from 1 aM to 1 µM, and a low limit of detection (LOD) was detected [27]. However, the output frequency ranged from 2.44 to 3.15 MHz with a changing rate of only 30%.…”

Biomolecule detection using GaAs1−xSbX FET based dielectric modulated label-free biosensor

“…The field-effect transistor (FET) based sensors were developed early in the year 1970 when the concept of utilizing ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) to detect various ions was suggested [7]. Later this concept led to the development of a FETbased biosensor to detect charged biomolecules like DNA and proteins [8,9]. Apart from this, some literatures also discussed about the microwave planar sensors which work by transmitting microwave waves and analyzing changes in the reflected signals resulting from the presence of an object or substance [10,11].…”