CN-SIM—a model for the turnover of soil organic matter. I. Long-term carbon and radiocarbon development

Petersen, Björn; Berntsen, Jørgen; Hansen, Søren; Jensen, Lars Stoumann

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.08.006

Cited by 89 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The estimated stable soil C concentrations are in accordance with values for the passive pool found with the Century model (Kelly et al, 1997) and aligns with estimates of the size of compartments with long turnover times in other models such as CN-SIM (Petersen et al, 2005) and Daisy (Bruun et al, 2003). The unique datasets assembled by the LTBF network therefore supports experimentally the values for stable soil C concentrations estimated by compartment models that simulate the long-term dynamics of C in soil.…”

Section: Estimating the Stable Soil C Pool Using Ltbf Datasupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Basic information and results for the first 35 years of the experiment were presented by Kirchmann et al (1994). Earlier time series of C data from the bare fallow as well as other treatments have been used for calibrating and validating different soil C models (Andrén and Kätterer, 1997;Hyvönen et al, 1996;Paustian et al, 1992;Petersen et al, 2005) …”

Section: Ultunamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying and isolating stable soil organic carbon using long-term bare fallow experiments

et al. 2010

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Abstract. The stability of soil organic matter (SOM) is a major source of uncertainty in predicting atmospheric CO 2 concentration during the 21st century. Isolating the stable soil carbon (C) from other, more labile, C fractions in soil is of prime importance for calibrating soil C simulation models, and gaining insights into the mechanisms that lead to soil C stability. Long-term experiments with continuous bare fallow (vegetation-free) treatments in which the decay of soil C is monitored for decades after all inputs of C have stopped, provide a unique opportunity to assess the quantity of stable soil C. We analyzed data from six bare fallow experiments of long-duration (>30 yrs), covering a range of soil types and climate conditions, and sited at Askov (Denmark), Grignon and Versailles (France), Kursk (Russia), Rothamsted (UK), and Ultuna (Sweden). A conceptual three pool model dividing soil C into a labile pool (turnover time of a several years), an intermediate pool (turnover time of a several decades) and a stable pool (turnover time of a several centuries or more) fits well with the long term C decline observed in the bare fallow soils. The estimate of stable C ranged from 2.7 g C kg −1 at Rothamsted to 6.8 g C kg −1 at Grignon. The uncertainty Correspondence to: P. Barré (barre@geologie.ens.fr) associated with estimates of the stable pool was large due to the short duration of the fallow treatments relative to the turnover time of stable soil C. At Versailles, where there is least uncertainty associated with the determination of a stable pool, the soil contains predominantly stable C after 80 years of continuous bare fallow. Such a site represents a unique research platform for characterization of the nature of stable SOM and its vulnerability to global change.

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Section: Estimating the Stable Soil C Pool Using Ltbf Datasupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Ultunamentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying and isolating stable soil organic carbon using long-term bare fallow experiments

et al. 2010

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“…Its combination with a simple model to describe decrease C kinetic from forest and accumulation C kinetic from elephant grass is promising. Although the descriptive model we used is easier to parameterize than other more powerful models which describe SOM bio-transformations taking into account a great number of parameters and compartments (Smith et al, 1997;Nicolardot et al, 2001;Petersen et al, 2005), the validation of this one in other experimental sites of the Ultisols of Misiones province is still pending. Thus it should be used carefully in long-term simulations, due to the need of continuous experimental data, particularly to establish the stable SOM pool size.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in soil organic matter under different land management in misiones province (Argentina)

Píccolo

Andriulo

Mary³

2008

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Highly weathered tropical soils rapidly loose soil organic matter (SOM) and may be affected by water erosion and soil compaction after deforestation and intensive cultivation. With the main objective to estimate the SOM balances in a subtropical soil we determined the dynamics of SOM in a degraded yerba mate (Ilex paraguaiensis Saint Hil.) plantation introduced after deforestation and with elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum L.) as a cover crop. The study site was in Misiones, Argentina, and we use the natural 13 C abundance methodology and a descriptive model. The study was conducted on three contiguous 50 × 100 m plots of a typic Kandihumult soil with: (i) native forest, (ii) 50 years of continuous yerba mate monoculture with intensive tillage, and (iii) yerba mate associated with elephant grass as a cover crop and no tillage. We determined bulk density, carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and 13 C content of the soil (0 -0.05, 0.05 -0.15 m layers) and the grass biomass. Yerba mate monoculture reduced soil C and N content as well as porosity at 0 -0.15 m depth by 43 and 23%, respectively, as compared to the native forest. After ten years of yerba mate -elephant grass association soil C and N contents at the same depth increased by 19 and 12%, respectively, compared to the yerba mate monoculture, while soil porosity remained similar. Total C input, 13 C, and soil organic C were incorporated into a three compartment model to evaluate elephant grass C dynamics. Through the natural 13 C abundance methodology we tracked the elephant grass C incorporation and the "old" soil C loss, and determined the model parameters -humification (k 1 ) and mineralization (k) coefficients and stable C (C s )-unambiguously. The high k 1 and k predicted by the model are probably explained by elephant grass root system incorporation under no tillage and humid subtropical climate, respectively. In soil under yerba mate monoculture, C s was counted as 91% of the total soil organic C. Key words: Ilex paraguaiensis, Pennisetum purpureum, natural 13 C abundance, soil carbon, modelling MUDANÇAS NA MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA EDAFICA SOB DIFERENTES MANEJOS DE SOLO NA PROVÍNCIA DE MISIONES (ARGENTINA)RESUMO: Os solos altamente intemperizados dos trópicos perdem rapidamente matéria orgânica do solo (SOM) e podem ser afetados pela erosão hídrica e compactação depois de seu deflorestamento e agricultura contínua. O objetivo foi determinar a dinâmica da matéria orgânica do solo com capimelefante (Pennisetum purpureum L.) em um Kandihumult da província de Misiones (Argentina) após desmatamento e cultivo contínuo de erva-mate (Ilex paraguaiensis Saint Hil.), utilizando a metodologia da abundância natural em carbono 13 ( 13 C) e um modelo descritivo. O estudo foi conduzido em três parcelas contíguas de 50 × 100 m. As situações comparadas foram: (a) floresta nativa, e (b) local com 50 anos de monocultivo intensivo de erva-mate, e (c) erva-mate associada com capim-elefante como cultivo de cobertura sob plantio direto. Determinaram-se os conteúdos de carbono (C),...

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“…Each organic pool in DAISY is quantified in terms of C and N. The turnover of the organic pools is described by first-order reaction kinetics which is a very simple and well approved approach (Groenendijk and Kroes, 1999;Petersen et al, 2005;Rey and Jarvis, 2006). The turnover rate of each pool is characterized by a turnover rate coefficient, which in turn depends on external variables such as soil temperature, water pressure potential, and clay content.…”

Section: Biological Turnover Of Organic Matter and Formation Of Dommentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in modelling dissolved organic matter dynamics in agricultural soil using DAISY

Gjettermann

Styczen

Hansen

et al. 2008

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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Because dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an important role is terrestrial C-, N-and P-balances and transport of these three components to aquatic environments, there is a need to include it in models. This paper presents the concept of the newly developed DOM modules implemented in the DAISY model with focus on the quantification of DOM sorption/desorption and microbial-driven DOM turnover. The kinetics of DOM sorption/desorption is described by the deviation of the actual DOM concentration in solution from the equilibrium concentration, C eq . The C eq is soil specific and estimated from pedotransfer functions taking into account the soil content of organic matter, Al and Fe oxides. The turnover of several organic matter pools including one DOM pool are described by first-order kinetics.The DOM module was tested at field scale for three soil treatments applied after cultivating grass-clover swards. Suction cups were installed at depths 30, 60 and 90 cm and soil solution was sampled for quantification of dissolved organic C (DOC) and dissolved organic N (DON). In the topsoil, the observed fluctuations in DOC were successfully simulated when the sorption/desorption rate coefficient k was low. In the subsoil, the observed concentrations of DOC were steadier and the best simulations were obtained using a high k. The model shows that DOC and DON concentrations are levelled out in the subsoils due to soil buffering. The steady concentration levels were based on the C eq for each horizon and the kinetic concept for sorption/desorption of DOC appeared a viable approach. If C eq was successfully estimated by the pedotransfer function it was possible to simulate the DOC concentration in the subsoil. In spite of difficulties in describing the DOC dynamics of the topsoil, the DOM module simulates the subsoil concentration level of DOC well, and also-but with more uncertainty-the DON concentration level. r

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CN-SIM—a model for the turnover of soil organic matter. I. Long-term carbon and radiocarbon development

Cited by 89 publications

References 38 publications

Quantifying and isolating stable soil organic carbon using long-term bare fallow experiments

Quantifying and isolating stable soil organic carbon using long-term bare fallow experiments

Changes in soil organic matter under different land management in misiones province (Argentina)

Challenges in modelling dissolved organic matter dynamics in agricultural soil using DAISY

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