CNS projections to the pterygopalatine parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the rat: a retrograde transneuronal viral cell body labeling study

Spencer, Selden E.; Sawyer, William; Wada, Hiroshi; Platt, Kenneth B.; Loewy, A.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)90125-u

Cited by 187 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Sprague-Dawley rats (3 to 16 weeks old) were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (50 mg/kg, i.p.). The sphenopalatine ganglia of both sides were dissected (Spencer et al, 1990;Liu et al, 2000) and were placed in cold Hibernate A (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) solution. Ganglia were cut into smaller pieces; transferred to Mg 2ϩ -and Ca 2ϩ -free Hanks' balanced salt solution (Invitrogen) containing papain (2 U/ml; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), collagenase D (0.6 mg/ml; Roche Applied Science, Indianapolis, IN), and Dispase (2.4 mg/ml, Invitrogen); and then incubated for 40 min at 37°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presynaptic Muscarinic M₂-Receptor-Mediated Inhibition of N-Type Ca²⁺Channels in Cultured Sphenopalatine Ganglion: Direct Evidence for Acetylcholine Inhibition of Cerebral Nitrergic Neurogenic Vasodilation

Liu

Evans²,

Lee³

2002

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Results of previous pharmacological studies suggested that presynaptic muscarinic M 2 receptors on cerebral perivascular nitric oxidergic (nitrergic) nerves mediated inhibition of nitric oxide release from these nerves. The inhibition was thought to be primarily attributable to a decreased Ca 2ϩ influx through N-type Ca 2ϩ channels on nitrergic nerves, but direct evidence supporting this hypothesis was not presented. In the present study, we used cultured rat sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG), a major source of nitrergic nerves to cerebral blood vessels, to investigate the role of muscarinic M 2 receptors in modulating voltage-dependent Ca 2ϩ channels. SPG neuronal soma and dendrites were immunoreactive for both N-type Ca 2ϩ channels and muscarinic M 2 receptors, indicating that muscarinic M 2 receptors were colocalized with N-type Ca 2ϩ channels. Using the whole-cell voltage-clamp technique, we found that voltagedependent Ca 2ϩ currents in cultured SPG were largely blocked by -conotoxin, an N-type calcium channel antagonist, but were not affected by nifedipine, an L-type calcium antagonist.The Ca 2ϩ current was inhibited by acetylcholine (ACh) and arecaidine but-2-ynyl ester tosylate (ABET), a preferential muscarinic M 2 -receptor agonist, in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibition was reversed by atropine and methoctramine (a muscarinic M 2 -receptor antagonist), but was not affected by muscarinic M 1 -, M 3 -, or M 4 -receptor antagonists. Consistent with this, preferential muscarinic M 1 -receptor agonists McN-A-343 and oxotremorine did not affect the Ca 2ϩ current. Furthermore, pretreatment with pertussis toxin and guanosine 5Ј-O-(3-thio)triphosphate prevented ACh and ABET inhibition of Ca 2ϩ currents. These results are consistent with pharmacological findings in the pig basilar arteries and provide direct evidence supporting our hypothesis that M 2 -receptormediated inhibition of cerebral nitrergic neurogenic vasodilation is due to a G i -protein-mediated suppression of Ca 2ϩ influx via voltage-dependent N-type Ca 2ϩ channels on perivascular nerves.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presynaptic Muscarinic M₂-Receptor-Mediated Inhibition of N-Type Ca²⁺Channels in Cultured Sphenopalatine Ganglion: Direct Evidence for Acetylcholine Inhibition of Cerebral Nitrergic Neurogenic Vasodilation

Liu

Evans²,

Lee³

2002

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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“…It has been demonstrated that nitrergic as well as cholinergic nerves innervating the cerebral and ophthalmic arteries arise from the superior salivatory nucleus in the brain stem sending off parasympathetic efferent neurons (Spencer et al, 1990) via the greater petrosal nerve and pterygopalatine ganglion (Ayajiki et al, 2000;Toda et al, 2000a,b;Toda and Okamura, 2003). A histological study has demonstrated that vagal preganglionic efferents terminate on NOS-containing neurons in the rat gastric fundus (Berthoud, 1995).…”

Section: Cotransmitters Responsible For Nonadrenergic Noncholinergmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal Function Regulation by Nitrergic Efferent Nerves

Toda

Herman

2005

Pharmacol Rev

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“…(Norgren Jr and Lehman, 1989;Strack and Loewy, 1990). However, careful analyses from several transneuronal tracing studies which contain proper controls have demonstrated the use of herpes viruses to identify transneuronal connections (for example, Strack et al, 1989;Spencer et al, 1990;Jansen et al, 1992;Loewy et al, 1991;Rotto-Percelay et al, 1992;Schramm et al, 1993;Hedner et al, 1993;Vizzard et al, 1995).…”

Section: A Tool For Transneuronal Tracing Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of herpes simplex virus in neuroscience

Turner¹,

Jenkins²

1997

J Neurovirol

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Herpes simplex virus (HSV) has been a focus of research in many laboratories during the last 30 ± 35 years, with the majority centered on the virus' replication, molecular biology and pathogenesis. Recently, HSV has begun to receive considerable attention in the field of neuroscience, where scientists have begun to use the virus as a tool or model for several areas of investigation. These areas include the construction and development of HSV-based vectors for gene therapy and the use of HSV as a neuronal tracer, as a model for demyelinating disease and to study interactions between the nervous, immune and endocrine systems. The goal of this paper is to review these different roles for HSV in the broad field of neuroscience.

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CNS projections to the pterygopalatine parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the rat: a retrograde transneuronal viral cell body labeling study

Cited by 187 publications

References 66 publications

Presynaptic Muscarinic M₂-Receptor-Mediated Inhibition of N-Type Ca²⁺Channels in Cultured Sphenopalatine Ganglion: Direct Evidence for Acetylcholine Inhibition of Cerebral Nitrergic Neurogenic Vasodilation

Presynaptic Muscarinic M₂-Receptor-Mediated Inhibition of N-Type Ca²⁺Channels in Cultured Sphenopalatine Ganglion: Direct Evidence for Acetylcholine Inhibition of Cerebral Nitrergic Neurogenic Vasodilation

Gastrointestinal Function Regulation by Nitrergic Efferent Nerves

The roles of herpes simplex virus in neuroscience

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CNS projections to the pterygopalatine parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the rat: a retrograde transneuronal viral cell body labeling study

Cited by 187 publications

References 66 publications

Presynaptic Muscarinic M2-Receptor-Mediated Inhibition of N-Type Ca2+Channels in Cultured Sphenopalatine Ganglion: Direct Evidence for Acetylcholine Inhibition of Cerebral Nitrergic Neurogenic Vasodilation

Presynaptic Muscarinic M2-Receptor-Mediated Inhibition of N-Type Ca2+Channels in Cultured Sphenopalatine Ganglion: Direct Evidence for Acetylcholine Inhibition of Cerebral Nitrergic Neurogenic Vasodilation

Gastrointestinal Function Regulation by Nitrergic Efferent Nerves

The roles of herpes simplex virus in neuroscience

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Product

Resources

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Presynaptic Muscarinic M₂-Receptor-Mediated Inhibition of N-Type Ca²⁺Channels in Cultured Sphenopalatine Ganglion: Direct Evidence for Acetylcholine Inhibition of Cerebral Nitrergic Neurogenic Vasodilation

Presynaptic Muscarinic M₂-Receptor-Mediated Inhibition of N-Type Ca²⁺Channels in Cultured Sphenopalatine Ganglion: Direct Evidence for Acetylcholine Inhibition of Cerebral Nitrergic Neurogenic Vasodilation