CNT-reinforced metal and steel nanocomposites: A comprehensive assessment of progress and future directions

Radhamani, Adiyodi Veettil; Lau, Hoong Chuin; Ramakrishna, Seeram

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.08.010

Cited by 140 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…The reason for the outstanding mechanical characteristics of CNTs is the sp 2 hybridized nature of C–C bonds [ 16 , 17 ]. Even for very low strength CNTs, the strength is as high as several GPa [ 15 ]. The Young’s modulus of CNTs is about 1 TPa, the highest one in all allotropes of carbon.…”

Section: Carbon Nanotubes (Cnts)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides the aforementioned process, different efforts on indigenous processes have been made for fabricating Mg matrix-CNT composites. Figure 4 shows all of these processing techniques [ 11 , 15 ]. However, some critical issues still remain in fabricating CNT-reinforced MMCs: (1) attaining a homogeneous dispersion is difficult due to readily agglomeration of CNTs resulted by robust Van Der Waals forces, the attractive or repulsive interactions between the carbon atoms, (2) to maintain the structural integrity of CNTs during the manufacturing process, (3) controlling sound bonding and compact interfaces for attaining an appropriate load transfer between phases due to the poor wettability between carbon and metals, including Mg [ 60 , 66 ].…”

Section: Fabrication Of the Mg–cnts Metal Matrix Nanocomposites (Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Different metallurgical methods for fabricating composites: ( a ) powder metallurgy [ 15 ], ( b ) hot press sintering, ( c ) hot-extrusion, ( d ) hot rolling, ( e ) spark-plasma sintering (SPS), ( f ) stir casting (SC), ( g ) disintegrated melt deposition (DMD) [ 11 ], and ( h ) high-pressure die casting [ 15 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…CNTs are thermally and electrically conductive, robust like a diamond, while light, and have formability like graphite. Therefore CNTs have the properties of diamond and graphite [ 15 ]. It has been confirmed that CNTs exhibit ultra-high-modulus and strength, and also have anisotropic electrical conductivity when incorporated in a matrix, they can remarkably enhance fabricated nanocomposites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)-Reinforced Magnesium-Based Matrix Composites: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2020

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In recent years considerable attention has been attracted to magnesium because of its light weight, high specific strength, and ease of recycling. Because of the growing demand for lightweight materials in aerospace, medical and automotive industries, magnesium-based metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs) reinforced with ceramic nanometer-sized particles, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) or carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were developed. CNTs have excellent material characteristics like low density, high tensile strength, high ratio of surface-to-volume, and high thermal conductivity that makes them attractive to use as reinforcements to fabricate high-performance, and high-strength metal-matrix composites (MMCs). Reinforcing magnesium (Mg) using small amounts of CNTs can improve the mechanical and physical properties in the fabricated lightweight and high-performance nanocomposite. Nevertheless, the incorporation of CNTs into a Mg-based matrix faces some challenges, and a uniform distribution is dependent on the parameters of the fabricating process. The characteristics of a CNTs reinforced composite are related to the uniform distribution, weight percent, and length of the CNTs, as well as the interfacial bonding and alignment between CNTs reinforcement and the Mg-based matrix. In this review article, the recent findings in the fabricating methods, characterization of the composite’s properties, and application of Mg-based composites reinforced with CNTs are studied. These include the strategies of fabricating CNT-reinforced Mg-based composites, mechanical responses, and corrosion behaviors. The present review aims to investigate and conclude the most relevant studies conducted in the field of Mg/CNTs composites. Strategies to conquer complicated challenges are suggested and potential fields of Mg/CNTs composites as upcoming structural material regarding functional requirements in aerospace, medical and automotive industries are particularly presented.

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Section: Carbon Nanotubes (Cnts)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fabrication Of the Mg–cnts Metal Matrix Nanocomposites (Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)-Reinforced Magnesium-Based Matrix Composites: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2020

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“…Various attempts have been made in recent years to develop ceramic-matrix and metal-matrix nanocomposites with carbon nanotubes as reinforcement [33][34][35][36], but much more attention has been focused on the development of carbon nanotube-reinforced polymer nanocomposites [37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Characterization Techniques for the Interface in Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites

Chen

Gao

2019

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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The current state of characterization techniques for the interface in carbon nanotube-reinforced polymer nanocomposites is reviewed. Different types of interfaces that exist within the nanocomposites are summarized, and current efforts focused on understanding the interfacial properties and interactions are reviewed. The emerging trends in characterization techniques and methodologies for the interface are presented, and their strengths and limitations are summarized. The intrinsic mechanism of the interactions at the interface between the carbon nanotubes and the polymer matrix is discussed. Special attention is given to research efforts focused on chemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes. The benefits and disadvantages associated with covalent and noncovalent functionalization methods are evaluated, respectively. Various techniques used to characterize the properties of the interface are extensively reviewed. How the mechanical and thermal properties of the nanocomposites depend on the physical and chemical nature of the interface is also discussed. Better understanding and design of the interface at the atomic level could become the forefront of research in the polymer community. Potential problems going to be solved are finally highlighted.

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Effect of Carbon in Severe Plastically Deformed Metals

2020

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In the last decades severe plastic deformation techniques have gained increasing interest as they allow the production of bulk nanostructured materials with superior mechanical and functional properties. However, because of mechanically induced grain boundary migration, the achievable grain size reduction is not indefinite but tends to stagnate once sufficient strain has been applied. Consequently, addition of solute elements or second phase particles offers the possibility to access the true nanocrystalline regime. Due to their low solubility and high mobility, interstitial elements are extremely effective at subduing boundary migration. Herein the effect of carbon on grain refinement and the resulting mechanical properties are summarized. As carbon may not only be added as graphite but could also be introduced in other forms or as allotropes such as nanotubes, nanodiamonds, or carbides, the respective advantages and problems associated with it are the center of discussion. Independent of the strategy used, strength levels hardly achievable with other alloying elements can be obtained. Moreover, as carbon does not have a negative effect on grain boundary cohesion, despite the enormous strength levels even ductility and toughness can be widely maintained.

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CNT-reinforced metal and steel nanocomposites: A comprehensive assessment of progress and future directions

Cited by 140 publications

References 146 publications

Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)-Reinforced Magnesium-Based Matrix Composites: A Comprehensive Review

Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)-Reinforced Magnesium-Based Matrix Composites: A Comprehensive Review

Recent Advances in Characterization Techniques for the Interface in Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites

Effect of Carbon in Severe Plastically Deformed Metals

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