Co-Application of Nitric Oxide and Vermicompost Improves Photosynthetic Functions, Antioxidants, and Nitrogen Metabolism in Maize (Zea mays L.) Grown Under Drought Stress

Rehaman, Abdul; Fatma, Mehar; Jan, Arif Tasleem; Shah, Ali Asghar; Asgher, Mohd; Khan, Nafees A.

doi:10.1007/s00344-022-10854-4

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Overall, the increase in proline content in the shoots was more pronounced when compared to the roots (Figure 1). These findings align with the existing literature suggesting that proline accumulation is a common response to water stress [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59]. This observed preferential increase in proline in the shoots of plants under water stress, compared to the roots, mirrors similar trends seen in Plantago fengdouensis [60] and wheat [56,61], suggesting that shoot growth in hairgrass exhibits a superior sensitivity to proline accumulation under water stress conditions.…”

Section: Proline Accumulationsupporting

confidence: 89%

Proline Metabolism in Response to Climate Extremes in Hairgrass

Luo,

Ma,

Xie

et al. 2024

Plants

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Hairgrass (Deschampsia caespitosa), a widely distributed grass species considered promising in the ecological restoration of degraded grassland in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, is likely to be subjected to frequent drought and waterlogging stress due to ongoing climate change, further aggravating the degradation of grassland in this region. However, whether it would acclimate to water stresses resulting from extreme climates remains unknown. Proline accumulation is a crucial metabolic response of plants to challenging environmental conditions. This study aims to investigate the changes in proline accumulation and key enzymes in hairgrass shoot and root tissues in response to distinct climate extremes including moderate drought, moderate waterlogging, and dry–wet variations over 28 days using a completely randomized block design. The proline accumulation, contribution of the glutamate and ornithine pathways, and key enzyme activities related to proline metabolism in shoot and root tissues were examined. The results showed that water stress led to proline accumulation in both shoot and root tissues of hairgrass, highlighting the importance of this osmoprotectant in mitigating the effects of environmental challenges. The differential accumulation of proline in shoots compared to roots suggests a strategic allocation of resources by the plant to cope with osmotic stress. Enzymatic activities related to proline metabolism, such as Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase, ornithine aminotransferase, Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase, Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase, and proline dehydrogenase, further emphasize the dynamic regulation of proline levels in hairgrass under water stress conditions. These findings support the potential for enhancing the stress resistance of hairgrass through the genetic manipulation of proline biosynthesis and catabolism pathways.

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Section: Proline Accumulationsupporting

confidence: 89%

Proline Metabolism in Response to Climate Extremes in Hairgrass

Luo,

Ma,

Xie

et al. 2024

Plants

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“…NPQ decreased to the lowest level under alkali stress, indicating that excess excitation energy may cause further damage to the chloroplast structure. Studies in cucumber and maize have shown that the addition of exogenous ABA and SNP can alleviate the decrease of chlorophyll content under salt stress, enhance the absorption and utilization of light energy by chloroplasts, promote the assembly of thylakoid membrane pigment-protein complex under iron deficiency conditions, and improve the photosynthetic rate ( Hao et al., 2021 ; Rehaman et al., 2022 ). Many studies have shown that SNP can not only directly remove reactive oxygen species but also activate the activity of the antioxidant system ( Corpas et al., 2019 ), protect the integrity of chloroplast structure and function, and improve photosynthetic efficiency ( Pucciariello and Perata, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous abscisic acid and sodium nitroprusside regulate flavonoid biosynthesis and photosynthesis of Nitraria tangutorum Bobr in alkali stress

Zhang

Cheng²,

Dai³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Abscisic acid (ABA) and nitric oxide (NO) are involved in mediating abiotic stress-induced plant physiological responses. Nitraria tangutorum Bobr is a typical salinized desert plant growing in an arid environment. In this study, we investigated the effects of ABA and NO on N.tangutorum seedlings under alkaline stress. Alkali stress treatment caused cell membrane damage, increased electrolyte leakage, and induced higher production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which caused growth inhibition and oxidative stress in N.tangutorum seedlings. Exogenous application of ABA (15μm) and Sodium nitroprusside (50μm) significantly increased the plant height, fresh weight, relative water content, and degree of succulency in N.tangutorum seedlings under alkali stress. Meanwhile, the contents of ABA and NO in plant leaves were significantly increased. ABA and SNP can promote stomatal closure, decrease the water loss rate, increase leaf surface temperature and the contents of osmotic regulator proline, soluble protein, and betaine under alkali stress. Meanwhile, SNP more significantly promoted the accumulation of chlorophyll a/b and carotenoids, increased quantum yield of photosystem II (φPSII) and electron transport rate (ETRII) than ABA, and decreased photochemical quenching (qP), which improved photosynthetic efficiency and accelerated the accumulation of soluble sugar, glucose, fructose, sucrose, starch, and total sugar. However, compared with exogenous application of SNP in the alkaline stress, ABA significantly promoted the transcription of NtFLS/NtF3H/NtF3H/NtANR genes and the accumulation of naringin, quercetin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, and catechin in the synthesis pathway of flavonoid metabolites, and isorhamnetin content was the highest. These results indicate that both ABA and SNP can reduce the growth inhibition and physiological damage caused by alkali stress. Among them, SNP has a better effect on the improvement of photosynthetic efficiency and the regulation of carbohydrate accumulation than ABA, while ABA has a more significant effect on the regulation of flavonoid and anthocyanin secondary metabolite accumulation. Exogenous application of ABA and SNP also improved the antioxidant capacity and the ability to maintain Na+/K+ balance of N. tangutorum seedlings under alkali stress. These results demonstrate the beneficial effects of ABA and NO as stress hormones and signaling molecules that positively regulate the defensive response of N. tangutorum to alkaline stress.

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Precision drip Irrigation System and Foliar Application of Biostimulant and Fertilizers Containing Micronutrients Optimize Photochemical Efficiency and Grain Yield of Maize (Zea mays L)

Ocwa,

Bojtor,

Illés

et al. 2024

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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Asymmetric drought propagation and depletion of soil nutrients threaten cereal crop productivity worldwide, calling for the application of validated agronomic practices to curtail their effect on crop production. This study evaluated the effect of precision drip irrigation, biostimulant, and micronutrients application on photochemical efficiency and yield of maize.An experiment laid in a randomized complete block design with irrigation and water stress was established in 2022 and 2023 growing seasons at the experimental area of the University of Debrecen. Other treatments included T1 (non-microbial biostimulant from plant origin), T2 (zinc based chemical fertilizer), T3 (boron and molybdenum based chemical fertilizer), and T4 (control). Data was collected on steady-state fluorescence (F’), maximal fluorescence (Fm’), quantum photosynthetic yield or efficiency of photosystem II (ΦPSII or Y(II)), electron transport rate (ETR), and grain yield and yield components. Precision drip irrigation significantly optimized ΦPSII, ETR, cob weight, number of seeds per cob, weight of 1000 seeds and grain yield. The biostimulant and micronutrients optimized Fm’, ΦPSII, and ETR at VT and R2 growth stages. Regardless of the water management regime, T1, T2 and T3 seasonally optimized grain yield. Between water management regimes, biostimulant had the highest yield optimization effect under precision drip irrigation in the season with elevated water stress.Optimum photochemical efficiency and grain yield is achievable through precision drip irrigation, biostimulant, and micronutrient application. However, further research involving 2–3 application times at critical stages of maize under precision drip irrigation and/or combined application of these treatments at season specific precision drip irrigation is required.

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Co-Application of Nitric Oxide and Vermicompost Improves Photosynthetic Functions, Antioxidants, and Nitrogen Metabolism in Maize (Zea mays L.) Grown Under Drought Stress

Cited by 9 publications

References 110 publications

Proline Metabolism in Response to Climate Extremes in Hairgrass

Proline Metabolism in Response to Climate Extremes in Hairgrass

Exogenous abscisic acid and sodium nitroprusside regulate flavonoid biosynthesis and photosynthesis of Nitraria tangutorum Bobr in alkali stress

Precision drip Irrigation System and Foliar Application of Biostimulant and Fertilizers Containing Micronutrients Optimize Photochemical Efficiency and Grain Yield of Maize (Zea mays L)

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