Co-circulation of dengue virus type 3-genotype I and type 2-Cosmopolitan genotype in 2018 outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Ahmad, Faudziah; Paul, Shyamal Kumar; Aung, Meiji Soe; Mazid, Rummana; Alam, Morshed; Ahmed, Salma; Haque, N; Hossain, Md. Akram; Paul, SK; Sharmin, Rabeya; Kobayashi, Nobumichi

doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2019.100629

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Overall, a larger proportion of households reported febrile illness in Dhaka compared with Karachi and the sites in Nepal; this was partially explained by the fact that the survey in Dhaka was restricted to children under 18 years of age, a group with a higher incidence of febrile illness. Additionally, during the survey period, there was were large outbreaks of Dengue and Chikungunya in Dhaka [ 12 , 13 ], which likely contributed to higher rates of fever. Across the 3 countries, we surveyed more households and for a longer time period than originally planned due to the outbreaks in Dhaka and the lower proportion of individuals with fever than anticipated in the other study catchment areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthcare Utilization Patterns for Acute Febrile Illness in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan: Results from the Surveillance for Enteric Fever in Asia Project

Andrews

Vaidya

Saha

et al. 2020

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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Background Characterizing healthcare-seeking patterns for acute febrile illness is critical for generating population-based enteric fever incidence estimates from facility-based surveillance data. Methods We used a hybrid model in the Surveillance for Enteric Fever in Asia Project (SEAP) to assess incidence of enteric fever at 6 study hospitals in 3 countries. We recruited individuals presenting to the hospitals and obtained blood cultures to evaluate for enteric fever. For this analysis, we undertook cluster random household surveys in Dhaka, Bangladesh (2 sites); Karachi, Pakistan; Kathmandu, Nepal; and Kavrepalanchok, Nepal between January 2017 and February 2019, to ascertain care-seeking behavior for individuals with 1) fever for ≥3 consecutive days within the past 8 weeks; or 2) fever resulting in hospitalization within the past year. We also collected data about disease severity and household demographics and assets. We used mixed-effect multivariable logistic regression models to identify determinants of healthcare seeking at study hospitals and determinants of culture-confirmed enteric fever. Results We enrolled 31 841 households (53 926 children) in Bangladesh, 25 510 households (84 196 children and adults) in Nepal, and 21 310 households (108 031 children and adults) in Pakistan. Children <5 years were most likely to be taken to the study hospitals for febrile illness at all sites. Household wealth was positively correlated with healthcare seeking in 4 of 5 study sites, and at least one marker of disease severity was positively associated with healthcare seeking in 3 of 5 catchment areas. Wealth and disease severity were variably predictive of blood culture-confirmed enteric fever. Conclusions Age, household wealth, and disease severity are important determinants of healthcare seeking for acute febrile illness and enteric fever risk in these communities, and should be incorporated into estimation models for enteric fever incidence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthcare Utilization Patterns for Acute Febrile Illness in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan: Results from the Surveillance for Enteric Fever in Asia Project

Andrews

Vaidya

Saha

et al. 2020

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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“…Following the observation of re-emergence of DENV-3, as well as predominance of DENV-2 in 2017 [ 10 , 11 , 12 ], a large outbreak of dengue involving more than 10,000 cases occurred in Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh, in 2018. This outbreak was caused by multiple viruses including a dominant DENV-2, along with DENV-1 and DENV-3 [ 8 , 10 , 12 , 13 ]. A subsequent outbreak in 2019 caused a surge of dengue patients 10 times as high as that of previous year, i.e., 100,201 confirmed cases, among which half of the patients occurred in Dhaka, while the remaining cases were found across the rest of Bangladesh [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nationwide Distribution of Dengue Virus Type 3 (DENV-3) Genotype I and Emergence of DENV-3 Genotype III during the 2019 Outbreak in Bangladesh

Titir

Paul²,

Ahmed

et al. 2021

TropicalMed

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Bangladesh is an endemic region of dengue fever and experienced an unprecedented large outbreak with more than 100,000 confirmed cases in 2019. To understand the prevalence of dengue antibody in patients and molecular epidemiological characteristics of dengue virus (DENV) in this outbreak, a total of 179 blood samples were collected from patients in 10 districts (seven divisions) covering nearly the whole country from August to December 2019. DENV NS-1 was detected in 162 samples, among which DENV-specific IgM was positive in 119 samples (73.5%), including 60.5% samples also positive for DENV-specific IgG. Sequencing of the partial C-prM gene and its phylogenetic analysis revealed predominance of DENV type 3 genotype I, accounting for 93% of samples examined. DENV-3 genotype III was identified in two samples from separate districts, and only one DENV-2 cosmopolitan genotype was found in the capital city, Dhaka. These findings suggest the predominance of DENV-3 genotype I and occurrence of DENV-3 genotype III, associated with increased incidence of recent secondary infection in Bangladesh in 2019.

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“…Since the first major outbreak in 2000, all four serotypes (DEN-1–4) were reported in Dhaka city until 2003, a with higher prevalence of DEN-3 serotype. After a hiatus (2013–2016), DEN-3 serotype re-emerged in 2017, and this serotype has been reported to be the most frequently identified during the 2019 outbreak [ 5 , 6 ]. Anecdotal evidence from medical practitioners suggests that dengue patients manifested with a spectrum of atypical symptoms in the 2019 outbreak, which can be related to serodiversity of the viral strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue in a crowded megacity: Lessons learnt from 2019 outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh

et al. 2020

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Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease commonly reported in the tropical regions of the world. The presence of two mosquito vectors (Aedes aegypti is highly urban, while A. albopictus is less urban) throughout the year makes dengue fever an endemic disease in a number of countries. Among the predicting variables, a rise of temperature and rainfall have shown to be associated with the number of dengue cases [1]. While relatively less emphasized compared to the climatic factors, mass movement is particularly important during large-scale outbreaks. This article presents a case based on the available data from the 2019 outbreak in Bangladesh, where the dengue fever was initially concentrated in Dhaka, the capital city. Dhaka is one of the most crowded megacities in the world, with over 19 million people distributed over 453 square km (spatial density of 41,000/square km) [2]. It is a hub of all key administrative, educational, and industrial activities in Bangladesh. Hence, a considerable proportion of the Bangladeshi population prefers to live in the city for better income, quality education, and better facilities overall. The 2019 dengue outbreak in Dhaka was the most intense since the emergence of dengue outbreaks in late the 1990s in Bangladesh [3]. According to Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), Bangladesh, a total of 100,201 confirmed dengue cases were admitted in hospitals between January and December 2019; 51,179 cases were reported in Dhaka city and 49,022 across the rest of Bangladesh [4]. This implies a 10-fold increase in hospitalized cases compared with the largest outbreak before 2019. Since the first major outbreak in 2000, all four serotypes (DEN-1-4) were reported in Dhaka city until 2003, a with higher prevalence of DEN-3 serotype. After a hiatus (2013-2016), DEN-3 serotype re-emerged in 2017, and this serotype has been reported to be the most frequently identified during the 2019 outbreak [5,6]. Anecdotal evidence from medical practitioners suggests that dengue patients manifested with a spectrum of atypical symptoms in the 2019 outbreak, which can be related to serodiversity of the viral strains. A recently published nationwide seroprevalence study (2014-2015) showed that 24% of participants had past history of dengue infection in Bangladesh [7]. Seropositivity of the infected individuals was largely confined to three big cities, namely Dhaka, Chittagong, and Khulna, indicating that circulation of dengue virus was not high in the semi-urban and rural areas of Bangladesh [7]. Notably, all major dengue outbreaks in Bangladesh showed a tendency to remain confined mostly in Dhaka city [7], and the 2019 outbreak showed the same trend PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES

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Co-circulation of dengue virus type 3-genotype I and type 2-Cosmopolitan genotype in 2018 outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

Healthcare Utilization Patterns for Acute Febrile Illness in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan: Results from the Surveillance for Enteric Fever in Asia Project

Healthcare Utilization Patterns for Acute Febrile Illness in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan: Results from the Surveillance for Enteric Fever in Asia Project

Nationwide Distribution of Dengue Virus Type 3 (DENV-3) Genotype I and Emergence of DENV-3 Genotype III during the 2019 Outbreak in Bangladesh

Dengue in a crowded megacity: Lessons learnt from 2019 outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh

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