Diiron complexes containing C 3 ligands, such as vinyliminium and vinylalkylidene bridging units, display unusual reaction patterns, not observed when the same organic fragments are bound to a single metal center, or not coordinated. Bridging vinyliminium complexes [Fe 2 {μ-η 1 :η 3 -C(NMe 2 )CH=CR}(μ-CO)(CO)(Cp) 2 ][SO 3 CF 3 ] undergo nucleophilic addition at the iminium C or at α-C position, which is uncommon since non-coordinated vinyliminium species generally undergo conjugated (Michael type) nucleophilic attack. Likewise, bridging vinyliminium ligands undergo new and unusual transformations consisting of the deprotonation and replacement of the α-CH by a variety of functional groups. These reactions, resulting in the formation of C-C and C-heteroatom single and double bonds, produce new bridging ligands of the type [μ-C(NMe 2 )C(X)CR) (X = S, O, Se, SPh, CNMe, NNCHCO 2 Me].Removal of the vinylalkylidene ligands from the bridging coordination is achieved by a [3 + 2] cycloaddition with alkynes. The reaction leads to the formation of ferrocenes containing one polysubstituted Cp ring, which results from the cycloaddition of the bridging C 3 ligand with alkynes. This result suggests a new possible route for the synthesis of polyfunctionalized ferrocenes.
Bridging C 3 ligands in diiron complexes 1559Scheme 4Scheme 5
Deprotonation of bridging vinyliminium complexesDeprotonation in the α-position of iminium compounds leads to enamines (a, Scheme 8). These are intermediates in enamine catalysis, a powerful synthetic tool for α-C substitution reactions [22]. Conjugated iminium groups (α,β-unsaturated iminium species) do not undergo α-CH deprotonation, but rather react as Michael acceptors. In theory, they can undergo γ-functionalization via dienamine intermediates, but this possibility has been, so far, scarcely investigated [23].
V. ZANOTTI