Co-composting of two-phase olive-mill pomace and poultry manure with tomato harvest stalks

Abstract

In this study, two-phase olive-mill pomace with poultry manure and chopped tomato harvest stalks were composted at different initial carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratios with fixed free air space of 35%. Composting experiment was carried out in the 15 aerobic reactors made of stainless steel and was monitored for 28 days. During the composting process, temperature, moisture content, organic matter (OM), pH, electrical conductivity, oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations, total carbon, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen ([Formula: see text]), nitrate nitrogen ([Formula: see text]), and total phosphorus were monitored. Compost mass and volume changes were determined at the beginning, during remixings, and at the end of composting. While the stabilization period took less time for the mixtures containing a high amount of poultry manure, the mixtures having the high portion of two-phase olive-mill pomace took a longer time due to the structure of olive stone and its lignin content. Dry matter loss (range: 18.1-34.0%.) in the mixtures increased with an increase in the share of poultry manure and tomato stalks in the initial mixture. OM loss (range: 21.7-46.1%) for tomato stalks (measured separately) during composting increased due to an increase in the ratio of poultry manure in the initial mixtures.

Tomato Residue Management from a Biorefinery Perspective and towards a Circular Economy

“…Composting is a biological process in which microorganisms can break down biodegradable organic material in the presence of oxygen, releasing CO 2 , H 2 O, and heat, resulting in a stabilized material known as compost. Composting of tomato residue combined with dairy manure, wheat straw, and sewage sludge has been studied [ 61 , 63 , 80 , 81 , 149 , 150 ].…”

“…Tomato plant residues have been used as a bulk agent to maintain proper FAS in the composting mixture [ 63 , 81 , 149 , 150 ]. According to Kulcu [ 150 ], 60% of tomato stalks, 30% of separated dairy manure, and 10% of wheat straw are the optimum mixture ratio for composing, attaining suitable values of FAS (30%).…”

“…According to Kulcu [ 150 ], 60% of tomato stalks, 30% of separated dairy manure, and 10% of wheat straw are the optimum mixture ratio for composing, attaining suitable values of FAS (30%). The composting of two-phase olive-mill pomace was improved when higher contents of tomato stalks and poultry manure [ 149 ]. Şevik et al [ 63 ] revealed high decomposition levels from composting mixtures composed of 5.0%, 67.1%, and 27.9% of olive pomace, dairy manure, and tomato stalks, respectively.…”

Effect of initial C/N ratio on composting of two‐phase olive mill pomace, dairy manure, and straw

“…Turkey is ranked fourth in the world 1 with 136,000 tons of olive oil production. The estimated two‐phase olive mill pomace (TPOMP) generated during the olive oil processing in 2017 was estimated approximately 1.67 million tons in Turkey based on the study of Sülük 2 . TPOMP is a lignocellulosic by‐product with the high contents of moisture (56.8%), fats and oils (4.6%), proteins (2.87%), total sugars (0.83%), cellulose, (14.54%), hemicellulose (6.63%), ash (1.42%), lignin (8.54%), and phenolic compounds (2.43%) 3 .…”

Vermicompost Production From Apple Processing Waste Compost

“…Toplam Fosfor analizinde kalay klorür metodu kullanılmış ve HACH DR 6000 spektrofotometrede 690 nm dalga boyunda tayin edilmiştir(APHA, 1998). NH4 -N analizi Nessler metoduna göre ve NO3 -N analizi de nitrat kiti kullanılarak spektrofotometre yardımıyla belirlenmiştir(Sülük, 2016;Şevik, 2018). Çimlenme indeksi analiziZucconi vd., (1981) kullandıkları yöntem esas alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.Solucan kompostlama işleminde bakterilerin ve solucanların faaliyetleri için sıcaklık önemli bir parametredir.…”