Co-culture of arbuscular mycorrhiza-like fungi (Piriformospora indica and Sebacina vermifera) with plant cells of Linum album for enhanced production of podophyllotoxins: a first report

Abstract

Cell suspension cultures of Linum album were developed from internode portions of in vitro germinated plant in Gamborg's B5 medium supplemented with 0.4 mg naphthalene acetic acid/l. The highest biomass was 8.5 g/l with podophyllotoxin and 6-methoxypodophyllotoxin at 29 and 1.9 mg/l, respectively after 12 d cultivation. Co-cultures of L. album cells with axenically cultivable arbuscular mycorrhiza-like fungi, Piriformospora indica and Sebacina vermifera, were established for the first time. These enhanced podophyllotoxin and 6-methoxypodophyllotoxin production by about four- and eight-fold, respectively, along with a 20% increase in biomass compared to the control cultures.

Induction of lignans and phenolic compounds in cell culture of Linum album by culture filtrate of Fusarium graminearum

“…The addition of the fungal elicitors to the suspension cultures also caused an enhancement in plant biomass (Baldi et al 2008;Kumar et al 2012). These diversities in response to elicitors could be explained by the variety in types of treatments and plant species and the concentration of each elicitor (Baldi et al 2008). Based on the results presented here, concentration of 1% (v/v) of culture filtrate of F. graminearum can increase accumulation of lignans, total phenolics, flavonols, and flavonoids.…”

“…Also, the decline in cell growth by fungal elicitation was reported by Chong et al (2005). The addition of the fungal elicitors to the suspension cultures also caused an enhancement in plant biomass (Baldi et al 2008;Kumar et al 2012). These diversities in response to elicitors could be explained by the variety in types of treatments and plant species and the concentration of each elicitor (Baldi et al 2008).…”

“…For instance, methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid were found to induce PTOX production in cell culture of L. album (Yousefzadi, Sharifi, Behmanesh, Moyano, & Palazon 2010). Furthermore, Baldi et al (2008) showed the increase of the PTOX production by co-culturing L. album cells with axenically arbuscular mycorrhizalike fungi, Piriformospora indica and Sebacina vermifera. Also, Esmaeilzadeh et al (2011) found novel elicitatory activities of five fungal extracts on lignan accumulation in L. album cell cultures.…”

Identity, Diversity, and Molecular Phylogeny of the Endophytic Mycobiota in the Roots of Rare Wild Rice ( Oryza granulate ) from a Nature Reserve in Yunnan, China

“…They act beneficially on the plant by modulating host nutrition, metabolites, and stress response (4,(45)(46)(47). Based on previous investigations, it can be concluded that the colonization rate of these two types of fungi is highly variable and dependent on habitat, host, and seasonal fluctuations in the climate (31).…”

Piriformospora indica: Perspectives and Retrospectives

“…P. indica is known to exhibit similar brilliant positive effects on several plants belonging to diverse families like micropropagated Chlorophytum borivilianum, Aloe vera, Populus, Dendrocalamus strictus, sugarcane, and maize plants (Gosal et al 2010a(Gosal et al , b, 2009(Gosal et al , 2008a(Gosal et al , b, 2007 (Plate 4.3). Above all the inoculation of P. indica in medicinal plants also increases the production of amount of the medicinally active compound in the inoculated plants (Gosal et al 2010b;Baldi et al 2008). The saponin content of safed musli has been reported to increase on inoculation (Gosal et al 2010b).…”