Co-culture of the Potential First Reported Streptomyces flavalbus of Sonneratia alba from Ujung Piring, Jepara, Indonesia

Abstract

Marine Actinobacteria from mangrove are rich in novel secondary metabolites resource as a promising antibacterial agent. The silent gene assessment by gen co-cuture fermentation of Actino-Actino, Actino-other bacteria and Actino-fungi is an alternative approach to create the novel product. This research aims to discover and identify the potential Actinobacteria from the mangrove sediment and root with co-culture as an antibacterial agent. 28 strains of Actinobacteria were found, composed of 17 strains from the sediment and 11 strains from the endophyte root of Sonneratia alba. Out of 580 fermentation, 540 fermenter co-cultures and 34 single fermenter cultures were assessed. Twenty-one pairs of co-culture were resulted positively against Staphylococcus aureus, and 16 pairs were positive against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The highest clearance zone against S. aureus was obtained from 10 (Actino)-Aspergillus fumigatus (dead body) extract (21.57±0.90 mm) while against P. aeruginosa was resulted from co-culture strains 3/37 extract (19.18±0.80 mm). Strains 41 was identified as Streptomyces flavalbus (98.07%) with accession number MZ540332. This is the first report of Streptomyces flavalbus, a novel species from mangrove sediments, and the second one from natural habitat. Other Actinobacterias (6, 10, and 37) strains were identified as Streptomyces albogriseolus (99.79%), Streptomyces labedae (99%), and Streptomyces rochei (93.52%). It is concluded that co-culture is a valuable strategy to develop the new Actinobacteria product as a powerful antibacterial agent.