Co-detection and isolation of Leishmania and Crithidia among naturally infected Tatera indica (Rodentia: Muridae) in Fars province, southern Iran

Kalantari, Mohsen; Motazedian, Mohammad Hossein; Asgari, Qasem; Mohammadpour, Iraj; Soltani, Aboozar; Azizi, Kourosh

doi:10.4103/2221-1691.233010

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In Isfahan, most cases were in the age group of 10 -30 years and in Andimeshk in the age group of 15 -24 years (6,12). Furthermore, the highest number of cases in Khorasan-Razavi province, Khatam (Yazd province), and Hamedan province were in the age group of under 10 and 20 -30, 10 -30, 15 -24 years old respectively (10,13,14). Our results are in accordance with results of the above studies and suggest that in both sexes, the incidence of disease in young people is higher than in other age groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Also, in other studies the percentage of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in men was reported 64.1% in Ilam (Ilam province), 56% in Andimeshk (Khuzestan province), 61% in Khorasan-Razavi province, 61.8% in Khatam (Yazd province) and 93.8% in Hamedan (Hamedan province). In all mentioned studies, morbidity rate was significantly different between males and females (10)(11)(12)(13)(14). But unlike previous studies, in Lamerd city (Fars province), the number of cases in women (51.8%) was higher than men (48.1) (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…routine drugs, use different treatments and local methods for treatment of their patients. Reports indicate recurrence, poor recovery, or inappropriate treatment of patients (9,10). Because today Leishmaniasis is a serious health problem in some countries including Iran, there is a need for more fundamental research in order to better understand its epidemiology and disease cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiologic Profile of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Between 2010 - 2016 in an Endemic Area of Fars Province, South Iran

Mohammadi

Soltani

2019

Shiraz E-Med J

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Background: Leishmaniasis contains a group of zoonotic diseases that is caused by infected phlebotomine sandflies with flagellate protozoa of the genus Leishmania. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine some epidemiological aspects of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis referring to Marvdasht health center, Fars Province, Iran. Methods: Demographic and clinical data of all patients recorded in Marvdasht Health Center, the Infectious Diseases Unit from 2010 to 2016. Results: 7418 confirmed cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis referred to health centers for receiving treatment. The mean age of the patients was 32.9 ± 26.9 year and the incidence of disease in men was higher than women. The age group was 21 to 30 years old (22.9%) had the most cases. The average duration of exposure to detection of the disease was 4.9 ± 1.38 months. The prevalence of wet lesions was significantly higher than dry lesions, and the average size of the lesions was 4.27 cm. The average number of lesions was 1.58 per person, and most of them were in hands (39.6%) and feet (21.4%). The incidence of disease was higher in the autumn than other seasons and it occurred more in rural areas. Conclusions: Marvdasht city is an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran. Our results showed that the number of cases reported has fluctuated in recent years. Therefore, it is very important for the health system to implement an accurate and effective continuous monitoring strategy for this important vector-borne disease in this part of the country.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiologic Profile of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Between 2010 - 2016 in an Endemic Area of Fars Province, South Iran

Mohammadi

Soltani

2019

Shiraz E-Med J

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“…Crithidia spp. are considered insect parasites, but in recent years, cases of infection with this agent have been reported in human patients with suspected cutaneous leishmaniasis (Barazesh et al., 2019; Doudi et al., 2010; Ghobakhloo et al., 2019) as well as phlebotomine sand flies (Kalantari et al., 2018b) and Tatera indica rodents (Kalantari et al., 2018a) in southern Iran. The isolation of Crithidia spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestic dogs carriers of Leishmania infantum, Leishmania tropica and Crithidia fasciculata as potential reservoirs for human visceral leishmaniasis in northeastern Iran

Fakhar

Derakhshani‐nia

Gohardehi

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background: In recent years, cases of human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) have been reported in some districts of Golestan Province, northeastern Iran, particularly in rural areas. Recent epidemiological evidence in Leishmania infantum endemic regions of in Iran indicates approximately 50%-80% of seropositive dogs are asymptomatic for Leishmania infection. Objectives: The goal in this study was to determine Leishmania species infecting domestic dogs in Golestan Province, Iran. Methods: Between 2015 and 2016, blood samples were obtained from 100 domestic dogs in rural regions of Golestan Province, northeastern Iran. All samples were tested for anti-Leishmania antibodies using a direct agglutination test (DAT), and for Leishmania spp. kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) using PCR. Results: Seven (7%) dogs were antibody positive and 25 dogs (25%) were Leishmania spp. DNA positives by PCR positive for leishmaniasis. Four of the seven (71%) antibodypositive dogs and 19 of the 25 (76%) PCR-positive dogs were asymptomatic. The rate of infection detected by PCR was significantly higher in male dogs (21/75, 28%) than that in female dogs (4/25, 16%). The ITS1 PCR-RFLP assay identified the presence of L. infantum, L. tropica or Crithidia spp. in the 25 PCR-positive samples. Conclusions: The high proportion of asymptomatic dogs in the study areas represent they act as potential reservoirs in the transmission cycle of Leishmania spp. and also Mehdi Karamian, Hajar Ziaei Hezarjaribi and Mitra Sharbatkhori contributed equally to this work.

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“…and Crithidia spp. have been recorded in several vertebrate hosts, including rodents, as reported by Kalantari et al [ 18 ], and humans, as reviewed by Boucinha et al [ 19 ]. The presence of Crithidia parasites in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis from different parts of Iran showed the presence of co-infections (observed by the isolation of Crithidia sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Parasite Detection in Visceral Leishmaniasis Samples by Dye-Based qPCR Using New Gene Targets of Leishmania infantum and Crithidia

et al. 2023

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected disease considered a serious public health problem, especially in endemic countries. Several studies have discovered monoxenous trypanosomatids (Leptomonas and Crithidia) in patients with VL. In different situations of leishmaniasis, investigations have examined cases of co-infection between Leishmania spp. and Crithidia spp. These coinfections have been observed in a wide range of vertebrate hosts, indicating that they are not rare. Diagnostic techniques require improvements and more robust tools to accurately detect the causative agent of VL. This study aimed to develop a real-time quantitative dye-based PCR (qPCR) assay capable of distinguishing Leishmania infantum from Crithidia-related species and to estimate the parasite load in samples of VL from humans and animals. The primer LinJ31_2420 targets an exclusive phosphatase of L. infantum; the primer Catalase_LVH60-12060_1F targets the catalase gene of Crithidia. Therefore, primers were designed to detect L. infantum and Crithidia sp. LVH60A (a novel trypanosomatid isolated from VL patients in Brazil), in samples related to VL. These primers were considered species-specific, based on sequence analysis using genome data retrieved from the TriTryp database and the genome assembling of Crithidia sp. LVH60A strain, in addition to experimental and clinical data presented herein. This novel qPCR assay was highly accurate in identifying and quantifying L. infantum and Crithidia sp. LVH60A in samples obtained experimentally (in vitro and in vivo) or collected from hosts (humans, dogs, cats, and vectors). Importantly, the screening of 62 cultured isolates from VL patients using these primers surprisingly revealed that 51 parasite cultures were PCR+ for Crithidia sp. In addition, qPCR assays identified the co-infection of L. infantum with Crithidia sp. LVH60A in two new VL cases in Brazil, confirming the suspicion of co-infection in a previously reported case of fatal VL. We believe that the species-specific genes targeted in this study can be helpful for the molecular diagnosis of VL, as well as for elucidating suspected co-infections with monoxenous-like trypanosomatids, which is a neglected fact of a neglected disease.

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Co-detection and isolation of Leishmania and Crithidia among naturally infected Tatera indica (Rodentia: Muridae) in Fars province, southern Iran

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Epidemiologic Profile of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Between 2010 - 2016 in an Endemic Area of Fars Province, South Iran

Epidemiologic Profile of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Between 2010 - 2016 in an Endemic Area of Fars Province, South Iran

Domestic dogs carriers of Leishmania infantum, Leishmania tropica and Crithidia fasciculata as potential reservoirs for human visceral leishmaniasis in northeastern Iran

Parasite Detection in Visceral Leishmaniasis Samples by Dye-Based qPCR Using New Gene Targets of Leishmania infantum and Crithidia

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