Co-enzyme Q10 (Ubiquinone): It's Implication in Improving the Life Style of the Elderly

Abstract

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) (1) is lipid-soluble and an important mitochondrial redox component, endogenously produced antioxidant in the human organisms. CoQ10 (1) plays an important role in the production of cellular energy, strengthens the immune system and acts as a free radical scavenger. Aging, poor eating habits, infections and stress affect the amounts of CoQ10 (1) in the humans. As human beings age, they begin to lose the ability to synthesize CoQ10 (1) from food resulting in its deficiency. CoQ10 (1) facilitates the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the mitochondria by participating in redox reactions within the electron transport chain. Cardiovascular disease deaths in elders are 80% in males and 75% in females. The average age of death from cardiovascular diseases in the developing world is 68 years and in developed world it is 80 years. Cardiovascular disease onset is 7-10 years earlier in men as compared to women. A low level of myocardial CoQ10 (1) is related to the severity of heart failure. Long-term CoQ10 (1) treatment of patients with chronic heart failure is safe and reduces major adverse cardiovascular complications.

Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress: A Mutual Interplay in Age-Related Diseases

“…UQ is a naturally occurring vitamin-like molecule formed from redox-active benzoquinone head group conjugated to a poly-isoprenoid side chain of species-specific length (6–10 subunits) (Wang and Hekimi, 2016 ). UQ is a potent antioxidant to neutralize ROS and protect the inner lining of the lymph, blood vessels, and endothelium (Motohashi et al, 2017 ). However, UQ levels reduce with advancing age and subsequently develop to some of the symptoms related to aging.…”

“…However, UQ levels reduce with advancing age and subsequently develop to some of the symptoms related to aging. The reduction of UQ levels during aging could be one of the predominant factors to develop chronic diseases (Motohashi et al, 2017 ).…”

“…Compared to other tissue, heart muscle utilizes more energy and usually has the highest UQ level and a relatively sensitive to UQ deficiency. The weakening of the heart muscle may lead to the swelling of the lower legs and feet, lung, liver, and the lining of the intestine (Motohashi et al, 2017 ). Heart failure is characterized by a loss of contractile function caused by energy depletion in mitochondria linked to a low level of UQ.…”

Effects of coenzyme Q10 on health-related quality of life, clinical disease activity and blood pressure in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis: a randomized clinical trial

“…The obtained results of the current study in consistence with previous investigations in the experimental models, which have found a protective effect of CoQ10 (10 or 30 and 100 mg/kg, orally for 8 days) in a dose-related response on clinical evaluation and macroscopic scoring of UC ( 22 , 23 ). Based on the existing evidence, it has been revealed the underline how the oral intake of CoQ10 improves QOL ( 33 ). One possible mechanism could be attributed in part to well-acknowledged bioenergetics role of CoQ10 that plays as an essential cofactor in the mitochondrial respiratory chain (ETC) that is implicated in aerobic respiration for cellular production of ATP ( 28 , 33 ).…”

“…Based on the existing evidence, it has been revealed the underline how the oral intake of CoQ10 improves QOL ( 33 ). One possible mechanism could be attributed in part to well-acknowledged bioenergetics role of CoQ10 that plays as an essential cofactor in the mitochondrial respiratory chain (ETC) that is implicated in aerobic respiration for cellular production of ATP ( 28 , 33 ). Moreover, CoQ10, as a potent lipophilic antioxidant could be neutralized harmful free radical species in lipid and mitochondrial membranes and regenerated several antioxidants ( 33 , 34 ).…”