Co-Infection Associated with SARS-CoV-2 and Their Management

Chavda, Vivek P.; Patel, Aayushi; Pandya, Anjali; Vora, Lalitkumar K.; Patravale, Vandana; Tambuwala, Zara M; Aljabali, Alaa A. A.; Serrano‐Aroca, Ãngel; Mishra, Vijay; Tambuwala, Murtaza M.

doi:10.2144/fsoa-2022-0011

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 196 publications

(233 reference statements)

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“…47,48 This study also cannot speak to the phenomena of SARS-CoV-2 coinfections and their implications for PASC. 49 While attrition remains a significant obstacle for all prospective studies, our study faced challenges due to varying COVID waves reducing participants' willingness to engage in follow up. When possible, we obtained data virtually, and were successful in this effort with respect to PROs, but not for objective clinical measures.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Acute SARS-CoV-2 Symptoms are Fewer, Less Intense Over Time in People Treated with Mono-Clonal Antibodies for Acute Infection

Price¹,

Gerber²,

Stepanova³

et al. 2023

IJGM

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Many with post-acute SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) have persistent symptoms impacting physical and cognitive function, decreased health and health-related life quality. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment was available to acutely infected patients which might improve these outcomes. Purpose: To compare patient perception of PASC symptoms for those receiving bamlanivimab or casirivimab and imdevimab (mAbs) to those not receiving this treatment (non-mAbs). To compare changes between these groups in symptoms, function and quality of life over a 6-month follow-up. Patients and Methods: Consented adults >28 days post-infection with positive SARS-CoV-2 qPCR or antigen test and SARS-CoV-2 infection between March of 2020 and July of 2022 were enrolled. This prospective, repeated measure observational study reports baseline through 6-month follow-up. Extensive sociodemographic data, detailed medical history, COVID-19 symptom history, and standardized measures of well-being, depression, anxiety, stigma, cognition, symptom assessment, distress, and health status were collected. Results: 323 participants [101 mAb, 221 non-mAb, 52.7±15.5 years, 47.7% male, body mass index (BMI) 31.4±8.4] were analyzed. Fewer symptoms at baseline were reported in mAb versus non-mAb participants (1.06±1.31 vs 1.78±2.15, respectively p=0.0177) 6 months: (0.911±1.276 mAb vs.1.75±2.22 non-mAb, p=0.0427). Both groups showed significant within-group decreases in symptom number (52 to 21 mAb, 126 to 63 non-mAb) and symptom burden (p=0.0088 mAb, p<0.00001 non-mAb). mAb patients had significantly shorter infection-to-baseline interval (days) (120.4±55.3 mAb vs 194.0±89.3 non-mAb, p<0.00001); less frequent history of myocardial infarction (0.0 vs 3.9%, p=0.0464); headache (2.0% vs.11.8%, p=0.0046), rash (3.1% vs 9.9%, p=0.0377), and miscellaneous muscle complaints (2.0% vs 12.3%, p=0.0035), plus significantly better 6-month mood. (2.2% vs 13.2%, p=0.0390). Conclusion: mAb treated participants had reduced symptom burden and consistently reported fewer symptoms than non-mAb at all time points despite less time since acute illness. Both groups reported a statistically significant decrease in symptoms by 6-month visit with no statistically significant differences between them at follow-up.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Acute SARS-CoV-2 Symptoms are Fewer, Less Intense Over Time in People Treated with Mono-Clonal Antibodies for Acute Infection

Price¹,

Gerber²,

Stepanova³

et al. 2023

IJGM

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“…Based on reports of fungal secondary infections in COVID-19 patients, we examined patients prior to the RECOVERY publication to assess the potential impact of glucocorticoid use. [8][9][10][11] Two recent meta-analyses of randomized trials found consistent benefits of steroids in COVID-19 without any major adverse effects. 5,12 However, the reports acknowledged uncertainty about adverse event rates due to variable definitions and inconsistent reporting of serious adverse effects across studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary infections in critically ill patients with COVID-19 receiving steroid therapy

Pearce,

Zawaydeh,

McGuire

et al. 2023

Science Progress

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Secondary infections can occur during or after the treatment of an initial infection. Glucocorticoids may decrease mortality in patients with severe COVID-19; however, risk of secondary infection is not well described. Our primary objective was to investigate the risk of secondary infection among critically ill patients with COVID-19 treated with glucocorticoids. We examined patients with COVID-19 being treated in the intensive care unit at two academic medical centers from 1 to 7/2020. One hundred-seven patients were included. Of these, 31 received steroids and 76 patients did not. Analysis of the larger cohort was performed followed by a matched pairs analysis of 22 steroid and 22 non-steroid patients. Secondary infection was seen in 14 patients (45.2%) receiving steroids compared to 35(46.1%) not receiving steroids (p = 0.968). Secondary infections were most frequently encountered in the respiratory tract. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were the most frequently identified organisms. Mortality was 16.1% in the steroid-treated group compared to 23.7% in the control group (p = 0.388). After performing matched pairs analysis and multivariable logistic regression there was no significant difference between secondary infection or mortality and steroid receipt. Secondary infections were common among critically ill patients with COVID-19, but the incidence of secondary infection was not significantly impacted by steroid treatment.

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“…The pandemic caused by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has had a substantial impact on human populations, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Globally, there are 636 million reported cases of COVID-19 (as per WHO) [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molnupiravir: A Versatile Prodrug against SARS-CoV-2 Variants

et al. 2023

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The nucleoside analog β-D-N4-hydroxycytidine is the active metabolite of the prodrug molnupiravir and is accepted as an efficient drug against COVID-19. Molnupiravir targets the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) enzyme, which is responsible for replicating the viral genome during the replication process of certain types of viruses. It works by disrupting the normal function of the RdRp enzyme, causing it to make mistakes during the replication of the viral genome. These mistakes can prevent the viral RNA from being transcribed, converted into a complementary DNA template, translated, or converted into a functional protein. By disrupting these crucial steps in the viral replication process, molnupiravir can effectively inhibit the replication of the virus and reduce its ability to cause disease. This review article sheds light on the impact of molnupiravir and its metabolite on SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, such as delta, omicron, and hybrid/recombinant variants. The detailed mechanism and molecular interactions using molecular docking and dynamics have also been covered. The safety and tolerability of molnupiravir in patients with comorbidities have also been emphasized.

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Co-Infection Associated with SARS-CoV-2 and Their Management

Cited by 9 publications

References 196 publications

Post-Acute SARS-CoV-2 Symptoms are Fewer, Less Intense Over Time in People Treated with Mono-Clonal Antibodies for Acute Infection

Post-Acute SARS-CoV-2 Symptoms are Fewer, Less Intense Over Time in People Treated with Mono-Clonal Antibodies for Acute Infection

Secondary infections in critically ill patients with COVID-19 receiving steroid therapy

Molnupiravir: A Versatile Prodrug against SARS-CoV-2 Variants

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