Recent reports suggest that the East Asian liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini, which is implicated in pathogenesis of opisthorchiasis-associated cholangiocarcinoma, serves as a reservoir of Helicobacter pylori. The affected cholangiocytes that line the intrahepatic biliary tract are considered to be the cell of origin of this malignancy. Here, we investigated interactions among a human cholangiocyte cell line, H69, a CCA cell line CC-LP-1, CagA+ve Helicobacter pylori, and H. bilis bacilli. Exposure to increasing numbers of H. pylori at 0, 1, 10,100 bacteria per cholangiocyte cell induced phenotypic changes in the cultured cholangiocytes including profusion of thread-like filopodia and loss of cell-cell contact in a dose-dependent fashion. In parallel, changes in mRNA expression followed exposure to H. pylori, with increased expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated-factors including snail, slug, vimentin, matrix metalloprotease, zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox, and the cancer stem cell marker CD44. Transcription levels encoding the cell adhesion marker CD24 decreased. Analysis in real time using the xCELLigence system to quantify cell proliferation, migration and invasion revealed that exposure to ten to 50 of H. pylori stimulated migration of H69 cells and CC-LP-1 cells, a line derived form of a human cholangiocarcinoma, and invasion through an extracellular matrix. In addition, ten bacilli of CagA+ve H. pylori stimulated contact-independent colony establishment in soft agar. These findings support the hypothesis that infection with H. pylori can contribute to the malignant transformation of the biliary epithelium.