Co-liquefaction behavior of a sub-bituminous coal and sawdust

Shui, Hengfu; Shan, Chuanjun; Cai, Zhengyi; Wang, Zhicai; Lei, Zhiping; Ren, Shibiao; Pan, Chunxiu; Li, Haiping

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2011.08.046

Cited by 57 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…[1][2][3] As early as in the 1940s, experimental data from Berl 4 supported the concept of hydrocarbons oil production from biomass. Recently, Regauskas et al 5 outlined the spectrum of lignin valorization research activities, ranging from genetic engineering approaches to chemical processing techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Common Pathways in Ethanolysis of Kraft Lignin to Platform Chemicals over Molybdenum-Based Catalysts

et al. 2015

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One-pot complete catalytic ethanolysis of Kraft lignin into C6–C10 chemicals, that is, aliphatic alcohols, esters, phenols, benzyl alcohols, and arenes, is achieved with a batch reactor over a number of supported molybdenum-based catalysts at 553 K in pure ethanol under autogenous pressure of 10.6 MPa. Metallic molybdenum, its carbide, and nitride all show remarkable activity, with the carbide and metallic catalysts giving the higher overall yields: 1640 and 1390 mg/g lignin, respectively. The major phases composing the catalysts are well-preserved after the reaction; however, the detection of Mo(V) species verifies the partial oxidation of molybdenum, which leads to the formation of the dissociative Mo species, such as molybdenum V ethoxide, in the fluid phase. Through the product analysis and catalyst characterization, the common route of lignin conversion to value added chemicals over the Mo-based catalyst is presented in detail. Kraft lignin is first fragmented into segments with m/z ∼ 700–1400 via a noncatalytic ethanolysis process. Meanwhile, the main active Mo(V) species dissociate from the solid catalyst into the fluid due to the interaction of ethanol. Then mainly the dissociative species catalyze, with the participation of the radicals, the further degradation of the segments into small molecules.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Common Pathways in Ethanolysis of Kraft Lignin to Platform Chemicals over Molybdenum-Based Catalysts

et al. 2015

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“…As shown in Scheme 2, the liquid and solid products from the cell were separated into oil (n-hexane soluble), asphaltene (toluene soluble but n-hexane insoluble) and preasphaltene (THF soluble but toluene insoluble). And the liquefaction ratio was defined as the percentage of the coal that was converted into asphaltene, preasphaltene and oil during the liquefaction [28].…”

Section: Electrolysis Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pretreatment of coal by ionic liquids towards coal electrolysis liquefaction

Liu

Zhou

Tang

et al. 2015

Fuel

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“…As the amount of sludge increased, more and more sludge tar or macromolecule carbonaceous compounds formed in the HT are easy to block the pore structure of coal and sludge. The release of H + and OH − groups becomes slow and presents an inhibitive effect on the synergetic effects …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of the Amount of Sludge on Physicochemical Properties and Chemical Structure of Low‐rank Coal under Hydrothermal Conditions

Liu

Cardoso

Zhao

et al. 2017

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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Sewage sludge mixed with Yunnan low-rank coal was treated by hydrothermal treatment (HT) at mild temperature and high-pressure conditions. The fuel characteristics and chemical structure of HT solid products were investigated to explore the synergistic effects between low-rank coal and sludge. The results indicated that the fuel properties of HT solid products were negatively influenced as the amount of sludge increased, but there were synergistic positive effects on the content of volatile matter, fixed carbon, oxygen, and calorific value when the amount of sludge was more than 30 wt% in the HT at 300°C. More hydrogen groups in sludge were involved in the hydrogen transfer reactions between the low-rank coal and sludge, which promoted the occurrence of synergistic effects during the HT process. CO 2 and H 2 were the main gas products, but the yield of both gases produced by the HT of sewage sludge was significantly higher than that of low-rank coal. The aromaticity of HT solid products reduced from 60.65% to 51.83%, and the aliphaticity increased from 39.35% to 48.17% when the amount of sludge increased from 10 to 70 wt%.

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Co-liquefaction behavior of a sub-bituminous coal and sawdust

Cited by 57 publications

References 20 publications

Common Pathways in Ethanolysis of Kraft Lignin to Platform Chemicals over Molybdenum-Based Catalysts

Common Pathways in Ethanolysis of Kraft Lignin to Platform Chemicals over Molybdenum-Based Catalysts

Pretreatment of coal by ionic liquids towards coal electrolysis liquefaction

Effect of the Amount of Sludge on Physicochemical Properties and Chemical Structure of Low‐rank Coal under Hydrothermal Conditions

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