Co-Occurrence of<i>Chlamydia suis</i>DNA and<i>Chlamydia suis-</i>Specific Antibodies in the Human Eye

Kieckens, Evelien; Broeck, Laura Van den; Gils, Matthias Van; Morré, Servaas A.; Vanrompay, Daisy

doi:10.1089/vbz.2017.2256

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Currently, porcine are the only known natural host. The zoonotic transmission of C. suis has been described among farmers in the porcine slaughterhouse through screening, although there is no clear signs of a symptomatic infection [87,88,89,142,143]. The isolation of a tetracycline-resistant strain of C. suis has raised considerable concerns within the porcine farming industry, especially regarding the fear of horizontal transfer of the tetracycline resistant Tet (C) gene to other human chlamydial pathogens [160].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydiaceae: Diseases in Primary Hosts and Zoonosis

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bacteria of the Chlamydiaceae family are a type of Gram-negative microorganism typified by their obligate intracellular lifestyle. The majority of the members in the Chlamydiaceae family are known pathogenic organisms that primarily infect the host mucosal surfaces in both humans and animals. For instance, Chlamydia trachomatis is a well-known etiological agent for ocular and genital sexually transmitted diseases, while C. pneumoniae has been implicated in community-acquired pneumonia in humans. Other chlamydial species such as C. abortus, C. caviae, C. felis, C. muridarum, C. pecorum, and C. psittaci are important pathogens that are associated with high morbidities in animals. Importantly, some of these animal pathogens have been recognized as zoonotic agents that pose a significant infectious threat to human health through cross-over transmission. The current review provides a succinct recapitulation of the characteristics as well as transmission for the previously established members of the Chlamydiaceae family and a number of other recently described chlamydial organisms.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydiaceae: Diseases in Primary Hosts and Zoonosis

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sera were analysed using different methods for antibody detection: CFT [ 43 ], an in-house recombinant MOMP ELISA [ 19 , 30 ], and a PmpC-based ELISA [ 31 ]. Full-length recombinant MOMP of C. suis S45 was produced in COS-7 cells as previously described [ 44 ] and used to coat ELISA plates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our study aimed to evaluate the distribution of C. suis S45 in organs besides conjunctiva after a primary experimental conjunctival infection and to measure levels of C. suis -specific antibodies using (i) the complement fixation test, (ii) an in-house Chlamydiaceae -specific major outer membrane protein (MOMP) ELISA [ 19 , 30 ], and (iii) a C. suis -specific polymorphic outer membrane protein C (PmpC)-based ELISA [ 31 ] in piglets over three weeks after infection. A potential recognition of C. suis antigens by T cells was investigated by IFN-γ ELISpot assays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Chlamydia suis Ocular Infection in Pigs

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chlamydia (C.) suis can often be isolated from conjunctival swab specimens from pigs with conjunctivitis or keratoconjunctivitis. In the field, it is assumed to be a multifactorial disease triggered by immunosuppressing factors. This is the first experimental study to provoke clinical signs of conjunctivitis in pigs after C. suis primary mono-infection. Five six-week-old male piglets, free of ocular chlamydia shedding and seronegative for Chlamydia, were conjunctivally infected with the C. suis-type strain S45 (1 × 109 inclusion forming units), while four piglets served as negative controls. The infection group developed clinical signs of conjunctivitis with a peak in the first week post-infection. Immunohistochemical evaluation revealed the presence of Chlamydia not only in the conjunctival epithelium, but also in the enlarged lacrimal glands, lungs, and intestine. No circulating antibodies could be detected during the whole study period of three weeks, although three different test systems were applied as follows: the complement fixation test, MOMP-based Chlamydiaceae ELISA, and PmpC-based C. suis ELISA. Meanwhile, high numbers of IFN-γ-producing lymphocytes within PBMC were seen after C. suis re-stimulation 14 days post-infection. Hence, these data suggest that entry via the eye may not elicit immunological responses comparable to other routes of chlamydial infections.

show abstract

“…There have been multiple reports about the presence of tetracycline-resistant (TetR) strains in pigs worldwide, including China (Li et al, 2017 ), Israel, Cyprus, and Western European countries such as Switzerland, Austria, Germany, Italy, and Belgium (Di Francesco et al, 2008 ; Borel et al, 2012 ; Schautteet et al, 2013 ; Wanninger et al, 2016 ; Peisker et al, 2018 ; Unterweger et al, 2020 ), as well as the USA (Dugan et al, 2004 ). However, to date, none of the zoonotically transmitted C. suis infections screened for tetracycline resistance (De Puysseleyr et al, 2014 , 2017 ; Kieckens et al, 2018 ) have tested positive. Nonetheless, the potential for C. trachomatis to acquire TetR from C. suis should be closely monitored, especially since in vitro co-culture experiments with C. suis and C. trachomatis have shown successful uptake of tetA (C)/ tetR (C) and neighboring C. suis genes by C. trachomatis (Suchland et al, 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of Tetracycline and Rifamycin Resistant Chlamydia Suis Recombinants

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Chlamydiaceae are a family of obligate intracellular, gram-negative bacteria known to readily exchange DNA by homologous recombination upon co-culture in vitro, allowing the transfer of antibiotic resistance residing on the chlamydial chromosome. Among all the obligate intracellular bacteria, only Chlamydia (C.) suis naturally integrated a tetracycline resistance gene into its chromosome. Therefore, in order to further investigate the readiness of Chlamydia to exchange DNA and especially antibiotic resistance, C. suis is an excellent model to advance existing co-culture protocols allowing the identification of factors crucial to promote homologous recombination in vitro. With this strategy, we co-cultured tetracycline-resistant with rifamycin group-resistant C. suis, which resulted in an allover recombination efficiency of 28%. We found that simultaneous selection is crucial to increase the number of recombinants, that sub-inhibitory concentrations of tetracycline inhibit rather than promote the selection of double-resistant recombinants, and identified a recombination-deficient C. suis field isolate, strain SWA-110 (1-28b). While tetracycline resistance was detected in field isolates, rifampicin/rifamycin resistance (RifR) had to be induced in vitro. Here, we describe the protocol with which RifR C. suis strains were generated and confirmed. Subsequent whole-genome sequencing then revealed that G530E and D461A mutations in rpoB, a gene encoding for the β-subunit of the bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP), was likely responsible for rifampicin and rifamycin resistance, respectively. Finally, whole-genome sequencing of recombinants obtained by co-culture revealed that recombinants picked from the same plate may be sibling clones and confirmed C. suis genome plasticity by revealing variable, apparently non-specific areas of recombination.

show abstract

Co-Occurrence ofChlamydia suisDNA andChlamydia suis-Specific Antibodies in the Human Eye

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Chlamydiaceae: Diseases in Primary Hosts and Zoonosis

Chlamydiaceae: Diseases in Primary Hosts and Zoonosis

Characteristics of Chlamydia suis Ocular Infection in Pigs

Generation of Tetracycline and Rifamycin Resistant Chlamydia Suis Recombinants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About