Co-occurrence of Overweight, Stunting, and Anemia among Adolescents (10–19 Years) in Tanzania Mainland: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Mchau, Geofrey; Killel, Erick; Azizi, Kaunara; Henry, Stanslaus; Ainan, Samafilan; Jumbe, Theresia; Bundara, Nyamizi; Kystikila, Wiggins; Mwingira, Felista; Machafuko, Pendael; Wilson, Bwire; Paulo, Heavenlight A.; Epimack, Sauli; Mshinda, Hoyce; Chacky, Frank; Noor, Ramadhani; Masumo, Ray; Leyna, Germana

doi:10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.102016

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Underweight was significantly associated with inadequate nutrition knowledge, particularly the knowledge of adequate and balanced nutrition, age group (14-16 years old) and employment status of the household head (being formally employed and or unemployed). Although the finding that being underweight is associated with low nutrition knowledge has been reported in other countries [5,27], this result particularly indicates that the lack of knowledge of adequate and balanced nutrition is unique within our study population. This leads to unhealthy dietary patterns where the adolescents eat snacks more often than staple foods such that their nutritional needs are not met.…”

Section: Factors Associated With the Underweight Statuscontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…There is evidence of a nutrition transition in Zimbabwe [4], which is leading to a surge in the rate of obesity [14][15][16]24]. It is also characterized by a decrease in deficiency diseases like protein energy malnutrition and marasmus [21,22] and an increase in non-communicable diseases like hypertension and diabetes, even among the adolescents' populations [5,25,26]. Our study calls for researchers, stakeholders and the government and government partners to start acting in response to overweight and obesity as a health problem co-existing with underweight, particularly in urban areas.…”

Section: The Co-existence Of the Undernutrition And Overnutrition "Do...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of DBM has been reported in many developing countries and has been linked to nutrition and economic transitions [2][3][4]. DBM is an increasing nutritional problem in all population groups [5,6]. In a South African study, the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity was 2%, 27% and 42%, respectively [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Double Burden of Malnutrition among Adolescents from Zimbabwe: A Cross-Sectional Study

Pencil,

Matsungo,

Chuchu

et al. 2024

Obesities

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(1) Background: The double burden of malnutrition (DBM) is an emerging public health concern among children and adolescents in developing countries. This study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with being underweight and overweight among adolescents. (2) Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 423 adolescents across 10 high schools in Harare. A questionnaire was used to collect data and weight for height-z-scores were used to compute body mass index. Pearson’s Chi-Square and multinomial logistic regression were used to test for associations and explore factors associated with being underweight or overweight at (p < 0.05). (3) Results: The median and IQR range for the participants was 16 (14–19) years. There were more girls 53.2%, than boys 46.8% (p = 0.002), and more 14–16-year-olds 54.1%, than 17–19-year-olds (p = 0.070). More boys 10% than girls 9.1% were underweight, whereas more girls 21.8% than boys 9.3% were overweight and obese (p = 0.002). By age, more 14–16-year -olds were underweight 12.7% than 17–19-year-olds 5.9%, whereas more 17–19-year-olds 16.2% were overweight than 14–16-year-olds (p = 0.070). Significant factors associated with being underweight were inadequate balanced nutrition knowledge [OR = 1.49 (0.139–0.997), p = 0.049], being in the 14–16 years age group [OR = 2.56 (1.137–5.779), p = 0.023], having formally employed [OR = 2.34 (1.008–5.428), p = 0.048] and unemployed [OR = 5.17 (1.263–21.116), p = 0.022] household heads. Significant factors associated with overweight were being a girl [OR = 0.32 (0.168–2.561), p < 0.001, and having formally employed household heads [OR = 2.00 (1.044–1.206), p = 0.037]. The employment status of the household head (being formally employed) was the only factor which associated with both underweight and overweight statuses. (4) Conclusions: Although underweight and overweight statuses co-exist, among adolescents, those who are overweight appear to be more than those who are underweight. Significant factors associated with being underweight were inadequate nutrition knowledge, being 14–16 years old, and having formally employed or unemployed parents. While being a girl and having formally employed parents were significant determinants of the overweight status. This paper calls for more awareness of DBM and context-specific interventions targeting obesity in a country where undernutrition has been traditionally prioritized at policy and program levels.

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Section: Factors Associated With the Underweight Statuscontrasting

confidence: 52%

Section: The Co-existence Of the Undernutrition And Overnutrition "Do...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Double Burden of Malnutrition among Adolescents from Zimbabwe: A Cross-Sectional Study

Pencil,

Matsungo,

Chuchu

et al. 2024

Obesities

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show abstract

“…Stunting is caused by several factors such as inadequate nutrition, the age of the mother during pregnancy, body mass index, unavailability of a balanced protein-energy diet. Factor related to birth weight, birth length, and postnatal stunting (Dewey et al, 2022;Hermawan et al, 2023;Mchau et al, 2023;N. Sharma et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of the Sustainable Food Garden Program (P2L) as an Effort to Accelerate the Reduction of Stunting In Bone Regency

Fitri,

Haning,

Lambali

2023

j. il.adm.publik.

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This study aims to determine the implementation of a sustainable food garden program as an effort to accelerate the reduction of stunting in Bone Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. This study focuses on policy implementation using Merilee S Grindle's theory. The data analysis technique used is the Miles and Huberman model, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the implementation of sustainable food garden program as an effort to accelerate the reduction of stunting in Bone Regency has been going well, in accordance with Merilee S Grindle's implementation theory. With several sub-indicators, the contents of the policy are interests, benefits, changes, decision-making, and program implementers. While the indicators that need to be improved are resources. Resources need to be increased so that the provision of vegetable seeds to the community can be more evenly distributed

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Diets, Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Nutritional Status in Tanzania: Scoping Review

Amunga,

Hess,

Grant

et al. 2024

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Globally, the intake of fruit and vegetables (F&V) is far below the recommended levels, contributing to various health challenges including micronutrient deficiencies and non‐communicable diseases. In Tanzania, where the triple burden of malnutrition persists, there is a need to identify gaps in evidence, better understand diets and F&V intake and identify promising interventions for improved intake. We conducted a scoping review to summarize the evidence on dietary intake, F&V intake and nutritional status in Tanzania. This included three separate literature searches in PubMed covering the years 2012–2023. A total of 62, 37 and 15 articles met predefined eligibility criteria for the review of overall diet, dietary intake of F&V and nutritional status, respectively. Identified studies suggest that overall dietary practices among all population groups were primarily based on carbohydrate‐rich foods, complementary feeding practices were suboptimal among young children and a low proportion of women of reproductive age (WRA) and pregnant and lactating women achieved minimum dietary diversity for women (MDD‐W). Across all population groups, F&V intake was below the recommended 400 g per day. Analysis of nutritional status in Tanzania in population representative surveys showed high stunting prevalence in children below 5 years of age, and a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among WRA, particularly in urban areas. Additional research is needed to understand better the complex interactions between diet and nutrition and health outcomes, and to identify efficient and cost‐effective strategies to improve overall dietary quality, including increasing F&V intake.

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Co-occurrence of Overweight, Stunting, and Anemia among Adolescents (10–19 Years) in Tanzania Mainland: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

The Double Burden of Malnutrition among Adolescents from Zimbabwe: A Cross-Sectional Study

The Double Burden of Malnutrition among Adolescents from Zimbabwe: A Cross-Sectional Study

Implementation of the Sustainable Food Garden Program (P2L) as an Effort to Accelerate the Reduction of Stunting In Bone Regency

Diets, Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Nutritional Status in Tanzania: Scoping Review

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