Co-occurring Psychiatric Disorders in Individuals with Intellectual Disability

Ricciardi, Joseph N.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6531-7_13

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…Autistic and ADHD symptoms have been found to correlate with cognitive function in VLBW children [ 95 , 96 ]. Still, the background for this correlation is not fully understood yet [ 97 , 98 ]. One possibility is that cognitive outcomes might be affected by attention problems that interfere during cognitive evaluation [ 99 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal study of associations between psychiatric symptoms and disorders and cerebral gray matter volumes in adolescents born very preterm

et al. 2017

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BackgroundBeing born preterm with very low birthweight (VLBW ≤ 1500 g) poses a risk for cortical and subcortical gray matter (GM) abnormalities, as well as for having more psychiatric problems during childhood and adolescence than term-born individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cortical and subcortical GM volumes and the course of psychiatric disorders during adolescence in VLBW individuals.MethodsWe followed VLBW individuals and term-born controls (birth weight ≥10th percentile) from 15 (VLBW;controls n = 40;56) to 19 (n = 44;60) years of age. Of these, 30;37 individuals were examined longitudinally. Cortical and subcortical GM volumes were extracted from MRPRAGE images obtained with the same 1.5 T MRI scanner at both time points and analyzed at each time point with the longitudinal stream of the FreeSurfer software package 5.3.0. All participants underwent clinical interviews and were assessed for psychiatric symptoms and diagnosis (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-age Children, Children’s Global Assessment Scale, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale-IV). VLBW adolescents were divided into two groups according to diagnostic status from 15 to 19 years of age: persisting/developing psychiatric diagnosis or healthy/becoming healthy.ResultsReduction in subcortical GM volume at 15 and 19 years, not including the thalamus, was limited to VLBW adolescents with persisting/developing diagnosis during adolescence, whereas VLBW adolescents in the healthy/becoming healthy group had similar subcortical GM volumes to controls. Moreover, across the entire VLBW group, poorer psychosocial functioning was predicted by smaller subcortical GM volumes at both time points and with reduced GM volume in the thalamus and the parietal and occipital cortex at 15 years. Inattention problems were predicted by smaller GM volumes in the parietal and occipital cortex.ConclusionsGM volume reductions in the parietal and occipital cortex as well as smaller thalamic and subcortical GM volumes were associated with the higher rates of psychiatric symptoms found across the entire VLBW group. Significantly smaller subcortical GM volumes in VLBW individuals compared with term-born peers might pose a risk for developing and maintaining psychiatric diagnoses during adolescence. Future research should explore the possible role of reduced cortical and subcortical GM volumes in the pathogenesis of psychiatric illness in VLBW adolescents.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12887-017-0793-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal study of associations between psychiatric symptoms and disorders and cerebral gray matter volumes in adolescents born very preterm

et al. 2017

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“…IQ summarizes psychological processes such as attention, executive functions, and general knowledge [ 84 ], while social cognition measures are not properly covered. Having intellectual disability has been linked to higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders [ 85 ], and recent research suggests that impaired executive functions (i.e. inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility) is a core feature in many mental illnesses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If a deficit in executive functions is a core symptom of psychiatric disorders, correcting for IQ might be an overcorrection in brain imaging studies trying to find the neural basis of mental health illness [ 86 ]. Still, the nature of this correlation is not fully understood yet [ 85 , 87 ]. A cohort study using data from over 900,000 individuals in Sweden has linked higher IQ scores during adolescence with higher risk of developing bipolar disorder later in life, controlling for socioeconomic group and parental education [ 88 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health and cerebellar volume during adolescence in very-low-birth-weight infants: a longitudinal study

Botellero

Skranes

Løhaugen

et al. 2016

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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BackgroundPreterm birth at very low birth weight (VLBW) poses a risk for cerebellar abnormalities and increased psychiatric morbidity compared with reference populations. We aimed to study cerebellar volumes (grey and white matter; GM, WM) and mental health in VLBW individuals and controls at 15 and 19 years of age, as well as changes between the two time points.MethodsForty VLBW (≤1500 g) and 56 control adolescents were included in the study at 15 years of age, and 44 VLBW and 60 control adolescents at 19 years of age. We had longitudinal data for 30 VLBW participants and for 37 controls. Clinical diagnoses were assessed following the schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children (KSADS). Psychiatric symptoms and function were further investigated with the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA), ADHD Rating Scale-IV and the children’s global assessment scale (CGAS). An automatic segmentation of cerebellar GM and WM volumes was performed in FreeSurfer. The MRI scans were obtained on the same 1.5T scanner at both ages.ResultsThe VLBW group had higher rates of psychiatric disorders at both ages. Cerebellar growth trajectories did not differ between VLBW adolescents and controls, regardless of psychiatric status. However, VLBW adolescents who had a psychiatric diagnosis at both ages or developed a psychiatric disorder from 15 to 19 years had maintained smaller cerebellar WM and GM volumes than controls and also smaller volumes than VLWB adolescents who were or became healthy in this period. Moreover, there were no differences in cerebellar WM and GM volumes between controls and those VLBW who were healthy or became healthy. In the VLBW group, cerebellar WM and GM volumes correlated positively with psycho-social function at both 15 and 19 years of age, and smaller GM volumes were associated with inattention at 15 years.ConclusionsSmaller cerebellar volume in adolescents born very preterm and with VLBW may be a biomarker of increased risk of psychiatric problems in young adulthood.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13034-016-0093-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Epidemiological findings indicate that the incidence of psychiatric disorders among individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) is three‐to‐five times higher than in the general population (Gentile et al . ; Ricciardi ). The coexistence of ID and psychiatric disorders, known as dual diagnosis (DD), results in a complex symptomatology that may have serious implications for daily functioning, social integration and psychological well‐being (Morisse et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social workers' attributions towards individuals with dual diagnosis of intellectual disability and mental illness

Araten‐Bergman

Werner

2016

J intellect Disabil Res

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Co-occurring Psychiatric Disorders in Individuals with Intellectual Disability

Cited by 8 publications

References 131 publications

A longitudinal study of associations between psychiatric symptoms and disorders and cerebral gray matter volumes in adolescents born very preterm

A longitudinal study of associations between psychiatric symptoms and disorders and cerebral gray matter volumes in adolescents born very preterm

Mental health and cerebellar volume during adolescence in very-low-birth-weight infants: a longitudinal study

Social workers' attributions towards individuals with dual diagnosis of intellectual disability and mental illness

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