“…Under the high-temperature condition of 300 • C, cellulose decomposes and polymerizes to produce low-molecular-weight compounds, such as furfural, furan, glycolaldehyde, formic acid, H 2 O, and CO 2 [32]. In addition, anhydrous sugars are also formed during pyrolysis, such as levoglucosan, which is formed by the cleavage of glycosidic bonds and dehydration reactions [32]. If pyrolysis at a high temperature (>300 • C) is continued, levoglucosan will be further hydrated to generate levoglucosone, which will be converted to more stable oxygenated compounds such as furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and pyran through the cyclization reaction [31,32].…”