Co-pyrolysis of lignin and plastics using red clay as catalyst in a micro-pyrolyzer

Expanding Plastics Recycling Technologies: Chemical Aspects, Technology Status and Challenges

“…Clays are another form of aluminosilicate that are of interest due to their weaker acidity, wide availability, and ability to produce medium distillate products such as diesel fuel. 427,[471][472][473][474] Clays are composed of silica and alumina or magnesia (or both) and have a macroporous structure which induces high coke resistance and moderate polymer cracking to heavier products. Structured clays, such as pillared clays (PILC), can include heteromoieties like metal oxides (Al, Fe, Ti, and Zr) to improve the textural properties and increase catalyst acidity.…”

“…Structured clays, such as pillared clays (PILC), can include heteromoieties like metal oxides (Al, Fe, Ti, and Zr) to improve the textural properties and increase catalyst acidity. [471][472][473][474] As such, PILCs have been found to have improved catalytic performance for HDPE and PE, as well as improved regeneration abilities. Clays, however, have lower activity due to the macroporous nature of the material, resulting in reduced contact of the feedstock with the weakly acidic sites within the structure.…”

Expanding Plastics Recycling Technologies: Chemical Aspects, Technology Status and Challenges

“…Structured clays, such as pillared clays (PILC), can include heteromoieties like metal oxides (Al, Fe, Ti, and Zr) to improve the textural properties and increase catalyst acidity. [452][453][454][455] As such, PILCs have been found to have improved catalytic performance for HDPE and PE, as well as improved regeneration abilities. Clays, however, have lower activity due to the macroporous nature of the material, resulting in reduced contact of the feedstock with the weakly acidic sites within the structure.…”

“…Clays are another form of aluminosilicate that are of interest due to their weaker acidity, wide availability, and ability to produce medium distillate products such as diesel fuel. 408,[452][453][454][455] Clays are composed of silica and alumina or magnesia (or both) and have a macroporous structure which induces high coke resistance and moderate polymer cracking to heavier products. Structured clays, such as pillared clays (PILC), can include heteromoieties like metal oxides (Al, Fe, Ti, and Zr) to improve the textural properties and increase catalyst acidity.…”

Recovery of renewable aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon resources from microwave pyrolysis/co-pyrolysis of agro-residues and plastics wastes

“…Hence, 25 g of biomass with 25 g of plastics with four different combinations (WS:WPP, WS:EPS, RH:WPP, RH:EPS) was used in all the experiments. The equal ratio was found to be optimum for the high yield and conversion with enough hydrogen transfer from the plastic feedstock (Patil et al, 2018;Suriapparao et al, 2018;Xue and Bai, 2018). The co-pyrolysis feed blend was melted and mixed with 50 g of graphite susceptor.…”