Co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and polystyrene with ex-situ catalytic bed of metal oxides/HZSM-5 with focus on liquid yield

Iftikhar, Hera; Zeeshan, Muhammad; Iqbal, Saeed; Muneer, Bushra; Razzaq, Madiha

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121647

Cited by 59 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…More specifically, the positive effects attached to CaO were not only responsible for promoting the dehydration and dehydrogenation reactions of acids and phenols, but also for the production of a more environmentally friendly gas because of the in-situ CO 2 -capture effect associated with CaO carbonation. Although the results of catalytic co-pyrolysis are very encouraging, most of the work in this field has been carried out in micro and lab-scale reactors [31][32][33][34][35][36][37], and the demonstration of this process on a larger scale is still limited [38]. Therefore, the study of this upgrading strategy to a larger scale (Technology Readiness Levels, TRL ≥ (5)) seems necessary as a first step towards the implementation of the catalytic co-pyrolysis processes of lignocellulosic biomass with waste plastics in future bio-refineries.…”

Section: Of 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ca-based Catalysts for the Production of High-Quality Bio-Oils from the Catalytic Co-Pyrolysis of Grape Seeds and Waste Tyres

et al. 2019

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The catalytic co-pyrolysis of grape seeds and waste tyres for the production of high-quality bio-oils was studied in a pilot-scale Auger reactor using different low-cost Ca-based catalysts. All the products of the process (solid, liquid, and gas) were comprehensively analysed. The results demonstrate that this upgrading strategy is suitable for the production of better-quality bio-oils with major potential for use as drop-in fuels. Although very good results were obtained regardless of the nature of the Ca-based catalyst, the best results were achieved using a high-purity CaO obtained from the calcination of natural limestone at 900 °C. Specifically, by adding 20 wt% waste tyres and using a feedstock to CaO mass ratio of 2:1, a practically deoxygenated bio-oil (0.5 wt% of oxygen content) was obtained with a significant heating value of 41.7 MJ/kg, confirming its potential for use in energy applications. The total basicity of the catalyst and the presence of a pure CaO crystalline phase with marginal impurities seem to be key parameters facilitating the prevalence of aromatisation and hydrodeoxygenation routes over the de-acidification and deoxygenation of the vapours through ketonisation and esterification reactions, leading to a highly aromatic biofuel. In addition, owing to the CO2-capture effect inherent to these catalysts, a more environmentally friendly gas product was produced, comprising H2 and CH4 as the main components.

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Section: Of 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ca-based Catalysts for the Production of High-Quality Bio-Oils from the Catalytic Co-Pyrolysis of Grape Seeds and Waste Tyres

et al. 2019

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“…Therefore, the results reported here suggest that the Ga-ZSM-5 is less effective in promoting aromatisation reactions for the polystyrene pyrolysis vapours compared to the other metal-catalysts investigated during copyrolysis. For example, Iftikhar et al [25] suggested that the formation of compounds from the decomposition of biomass was suppressed by polystyrene decomposition intermediates during the co-pyrolysis of biomass (sugarcane bagasse) and polystyrene with metal-ZSM-5 catalysis.…”

Section: Oil Composition From the Co-pyrolysis-catalysis Of Biomass:polystyrenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although improvements in the product oil have been reported for copyrolysis of biomass with plastics, the quality is not sufficient for direct use as a fuel and therefore addition of a catalyst, mainly zeolites, has been investigated [22,23]. In particular, there has also been research into the co-pyrolysis of biomass and polystyrene coupled with zeolite catalysis [24][25][26][27][28]. For example, Kumar and Srinivas [27] used a fixed bed slow co-pyrolysis-catalytic reactor for the production of liquid fuels from biomass and polystyrene using spent FCC zeolite catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass:polystyrene co-pyrolysis coupled with metal-modified zeolite catalysis for liquid fuel and chemical production

Dyer

Nahil

Williams

2022

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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Biomass and waste polystyrene plastic (ratio 1:1) were co-pyrolysed followed by catalysis in a two-stage fixed bed reactor system to produce upgraded bio-oils for production of liquid fuel and aromatic chemicals. The catalysts investigated were ZSM-5 impregnated with different metals, Ga, Co, Cu, Fe and Ni to determine their influence on bio-oil upgrading. The results showed that the different added metals had a different impact on the yield and composition of the product oils and gases. Deoxygenation of the bio-oils was mainly via formation of CO2 and CO via decarboxylation and decarbonylation with the Ni–ZSM-5 and Co–ZSM-5 catalysts whereas higher water yield and lower CO2 and CO was obtained with the ZSM-5, Ga–ZSM-5, Cu–ZSM-5 and Fe–ZSM-5 catalysts suggesting hydrodeoxygenation was dominant. Compared to the unmodified ZSM-5, the yield of single-ring aromatic compounds in the product oil was increased for the Co–ZSM-5, Cu–ZSM-5, Fe–ZSM-5 and Ni–ZSM-5 catalysts. However, for the Ga–ZSM-5 catalyst, single-ring aromatic compounds were reduced, but the highest yield of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was produced. A higher biomass to polystyrene ratio (4:1) resulted in a markedly lower oil yield with a consequent increased yield of gas.

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“…Temperature, heating rate and catalyst are key factors in a pyrolysis process [25,26] which when properly manipulated can give the desired high yield and quality of bio-oil which include high pH, low water and ash contents as well as high heating value [27,28]. While the yield of bio-oil is highly linked to temperature influence [29,30] and heating rate [31], bio-oil quality is greatly influenced by catalysts like CaO which is known to increase the oil pH [32] as well as decrease its moisture content [33][34][35][36][37]. In the study of how variables affect a process, the interacting effect is very important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Optimization for Enhancing Yield and Quality of Bio-Oil from the Pyrolysis of Cow Hooves

Chukwuneke¹,

Sinebe²,

Orugba³

et al. 2022

IJDNE

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To reduce the environmental footprints of fossil fuels, there is a need to source more biomasses to increase the renewable energy supply. However, a critical study of the energy-conversion process of biomass must be carried out to make the process economical. In this research, the optimization of the bio-oil production from the thermal conversion of novel biomass- cow hoof was carried out. Three independent variables- temperature of pyrolysis, heating rate and CaO catalyst mass were studied at 3 levels based on the rotatable central composite design (CCD) of the response surface methodology (RSM) to ascertain their influence on two responses- bio-oil yield and its HHV. The quadratic model was more suitable to fit the experimental data. At optimum values of the process variables, bio-oil yield of 50.64% and HHV of 23.86 MJ/kg were obtained. From the analysis of variance carried out, the model R2 values were 0.9949 and 0.9802 respectively for the bio-oil yield and HHV models which showed the models’ ability to predict the bio-oil yield and its HHV in the pyrolysis process is high. The characterization of the bio-oil revealed it has better fuel properties compared with most bio-oils from some biomasses hence it is a viable renewable energy source.

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Co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and polystyrene with ex-situ catalytic bed of metal oxides/HZSM-5 with focus on liquid yield

Cited by 59 publications

References 49 publications

Ca-based Catalysts for the Production of High-Quality Bio-Oils from the Catalytic Co-Pyrolysis of Grape Seeds and Waste Tyres

Ca-based Catalysts for the Production of High-Quality Bio-Oils from the Catalytic Co-Pyrolysis of Grape Seeds and Waste Tyres

Biomass:polystyrene co-pyrolysis coupled with metal-modified zeolite catalysis for liquid fuel and chemical production

Process Optimization for Enhancing Yield and Quality of Bio-Oil from the Pyrolysis of Cow Hooves

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