Co-Seismic and Post-Seismic Behavior of an Alternately Layered Sand-Clay Ground and Embankment System Accompanied by Soil Disturbance

Noda, Toshihiro; Takeuchi, Hidenori; Nakai, Kentaro; Asaoka, Akira

doi:10.3208/sandf.49.739

Cited by 39 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Details of the construction process can be found in the works by Noda et al (2009). 28, if the material of a given ground is the same, the initial stress distributions are almost equal to each other.…”

Section: Seismic Response Analysis Of Embankments Of Three Materials mentioning

confidence: 97%

Interpretation of the mechanical behavior of embankments having various compaction properties based on the soil skeleton structure

Sakai

Nakano

2015

Soils and Foundations

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After the Hanshin Awaji Earthquake disaster, the seismic resistance of embankments was evaluated, and design principles were changed from specification-based to performance-based. However, compaction properties and the mechanical behavior of compacted soil were not sufficiently considered in the Manual of Highway Earthworks on Embankments.The first objective of the present study is to reproduce the mechanical behavior of three embankment materials having different compaction properties. A series of triaxial compression tests and oedometer tests is carried out. The mechanical behavior is reproduced by the SYS Cam-clay model and the influence of compaction on the mechanical behavior is interpreted based on the soil skeleton structure. The second objective is to evaluate the seismic stability of the embankment, which depends on the compaction properties of the embankment material, using GEOASIA, a soil-water coupled finite deformation analysis code.The primary conclusions are as follows.(1) Through the triaxial tests, the maximum deviator stress increases as the degree of compaction, Dc, increases. However, the trends in the increase differ depending on the material. (2) Based on one-dimensional consolidation tests, the compression curve is approximately a straight line with a large vertical effective stress. In the present study, a greater maximum dry density corresponds to less compressibility and a lower compression curve. (3) The mechanical behavior of each material is reproduced by the SYS Camclay model using one set of material constants for each material and representing the differences in Dc by different initial conditions for the structure and overconsolidation. An increase in Dc causes the decay of the structure, as well as the accumulation of overconsolidation. In the case of material A, the decay of the structure and the loss of overconsolidation occur quickly, whereas in the case of material C, the decay of the structure is slight and the loss of overconsolidation is moderate. (4) The seismic response analysis reveals different deformations of the embankment for different materials, even for the same Dc. The seismic stability of the embankments was increased by increasing Dc. Materials, such as material A, that have fast decay of the structure and fast loss of overconsolidation produce embankments with high seismic stability.

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Section: Seismic Response Analysis Of Embankments Of Three Materials mentioning

confidence: 97%

Interpretation of the mechanical behavior of embankments having various compaction properties based on the soil skeleton structure

Sakai

Nakano

2015

Soils and Foundations

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“…The possible occurrence of long-term settlement in clayey grounds after an earthquake has been pointed out by Noda et al 13) through analysis using GEOASIA. They showed that particularly in clay strata with a high degree of structure, if the pore state was bulkier/looser than the normal consolidation line of remolded soil, the structure would be destroyed (lowering of the degree of structure) by an earthquake, and positive excess pore water pressure would be generated, causing long-term settlement of the ground.…”

Section: Studies Related To Ground Deformation That Occurs Long-lastimentioning

confidence: 99%

NEW DEVELOPMENTS RELATED TO CLARIFICATION OF THE MECHANISMS OF GROUND DEFORMATION CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKES —IN THE WAKE OF THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE—

2017

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The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake caused massive ground damage, including liquefaction of sandy grounds, collapse of river levees and lands developed for housing, etc., particularly in regions across eastern Japan. Not only damage to "currently unqualified" structures that did not conform to existing design standards and codes but also ground damage that could not be explained within the framework of conventional geomechanics and geotechnical engineering was observed. Particularly in the latter case, therefore, it has become necessary to develop new techniques in geomechanics without being restrained by the conventional framework. From the above standpoint, this paper reviews the research that has been carried out in the field of geotechnology after the Great East Japan Earthquake. More specifically, new knowledge relating to the mechanism of liquefaction damage at Urayasu City and other ground deformation caused by the earthquake is introduced, together with the results of research carried out on ground strengthening techniques.

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“…Since the information provided in the blind test was not su‹cient, the embankment was assumed to consist of saturated elasto-plastic sandy soil. Based on this assumption, the material constants and initial conditions were allotted as shown in Table 5 (Noda et al, 2009). Figure 7 illustrates the distribution of the initial values of the ground in the direction of depth.…”

Section: Computation Of Materials Constants and In-situ Initial Conditmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive Simulation of Deformation and Failure of Peat-Calcareous Soil Layered Ground Due to Multistage Test Embankment Loading

Takaine¹,

Tashiro

Shiina

et al. 2010

Soils and Foundations

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The continuous behaviour of a ground-embankment system from the stage of deformation up to failure was predicted with respect to an actual test embankment that had been constructed in stages on a soft ground made up of peat and calcareous soil. The behaviour prediction was carried out by employing soil-water coupledˆnite deformation analysis, which also included simulation of the embankment construction process. The information used in the analysis was limited to such things as the results of soil tests on soil materials (peat and calcareous soil) sampled from the ground, including their sensitivity ratios, and the embankment's construction history. The SYS Cam-clay model was used in the constitutive equations of the soils to determine the material constants of the soils and the initial conditions of the ground, and the computations were performed under plane strain conditions. As a result, the computed proˆles of Wtype ground settlement and of slip surfaces running through the embankment were found to be in good overall agreement with the actual proˆles measured at the site. Furthermore, we found that this slippage is attributable to the undrained shear response of the soil elements in the calcareous soil layer, where slippage begins to occur during embankment loading. In other words, the slippage is caused by the rapid softening behaviour caused by the degradation of structure after the eŠective stress ratio reaches the vicinity of the critical state line.

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Co-Seismic and Post-Seismic Behavior of an Alternately Layered Sand-Clay Ground and Embankment System Accompanied by Soil Disturbance

Cited by 39 publications

References 16 publications

Interpretation of the mechanical behavior of embankments having various compaction properties based on the soil skeleton structure

Interpretation of the mechanical behavior of embankments having various compaction properties based on the soil skeleton structure

NEW DEVELOPMENTS RELATED TO CLARIFICATION OF THE MECHANISMS OF GROUND DEFORMATION CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKES —IN THE WAKE OF THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE—

Predictive Simulation of Deformation and Failure of Peat-Calcareous Soil Layered Ground Due to Multistage Test Embankment Loading

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Co-Seismic and Post-Seismic Behavior of an Alternately Layered Sand-Clay Ground and Embankment System Accompanied by Soil Disturbance

Cited by 39 publications

References 16 publications

Interpretation of the mechanical behavior of embankments having various compaction properties based on the soil skeleton structure

Interpretation of the mechanical behavior of embankments having various compaction properties based on the soil skeleton structure

NEW DEVELOPMENTS RELATED TO CLARIFICATION OF THE MECHANISMS OF GROUND DEFORMATION CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKES &mdash;IN THE WAKE OF THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE&mdash;

Predictive Simulation of Deformation and Failure of Peat-Calcareous Soil Layered Ground Due to Multistage Test Embankment Loading

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NEW DEVELOPMENTS RELATED TO CLARIFICATION OF THE MECHANISMS OF GROUND DEFORMATION CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKES —IN THE WAKE OF THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE—