Co-sintering process of LiCoO₂ cathodes and NASICON-type LATP solid electrolytes studied by X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption near edge structure

Abstract

The composites of a high-capacity cathode material in lithium-ion batteries, LiCoO2 (LCO) and an oxide-based solid electrolyte, Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (LATP) were sintered at various temperature and their reaction products were subsequently...

A New Sodium Thioborate Fast Ion Conductor: Na3B5S9

“…This strategy has been applied in solid state Li batteries but is beyond the scope of this work. [50] 11 B and 23 Na magic-angle-spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR spectra obtained on Na 3 B 5 S 9 at 304 K using Hahn echo acquisitions are presented in Figure 4a, b. The 11 B spectrum (Figure 4a) is dominated by an asymmetric BS 4 isotropic peak, with tiny additional signals corresponding to trigonal planar 11 B sites, both BS 3 (minor Na 3 BS 3 impurity, � 3.3 % of the overall signal) and BO 3 (minor Na 3 BO 3 impurity, � 1.9 %), as previous work suggested.…”

“…The 11 B spectrum (Figure 4a) is dominated by an asymmetric BS 4 isotropic peak, with tiny additional signals corresponding to trigonal planar 11 B sites, both BS 3 (minor Na 3 BS 3 impurity, � 3.3 % of the overall signal) and BO 3 (minor Na 3 BO 3 impurity, � 1.9 %), as previous work suggested. [51][52][53] Examination of the sideband manifold reveals that the asymmetry of the BS 4 peak is indeed due to two distinct sites, as 23 Na 20 kHz MAS at 304 K and 14.1 T; The single Gaussian fit component in the inset is presented purely for illustrative purposes to clarify the high-frequency skew of the isotropic. Variable-temperature 23 Na MAS c) and static d) line shape evolution demonstrates a complex evolution of the ion site exchange dynamics.…”

“…[51][52][53] Examination of the sideband manifold reveals that the asymmetry of the BS 4 peak is indeed due to two distinct sites, as 23 Na 20 kHz MAS at 304 K and 14.1 T; The single Gaussian fit component in the inset is presented purely for illustrative purposes to clarify the high-frequency skew of the isotropic. Variable-temperature 23 Na MAS c) and static d) line shape evolution demonstrates a complex evolution of the ion site exchange dynamics. e) Arrhenius plot of 23 Na T 1 relaxation measurements, which exhibit bi-exponential behavior with low activation energies.…”

“…However, oxides require high temperatures in excess of 1000 °C for synthesis and advanced pellet densification methods to achieve high ionic conductivity and minimize interfacial and grain boundary resistance. Furthermore, high temperature processing of cathode active materials and oxide solid electrolytes to form cathode composites can lead to detrimental side reactions [22–24] . Halide materials are relatively soft but exhibit much lower ionic conductivity to date (<0.1 mS cm −1 ), which is too low for practical applications.…”

“…Furthermore, high temperature processing of cathode active materials and oxide solid electrolytes to form cathode composites can lead to detrimental side reactions. [22][23][24] Halide materials are relatively soft but exhibit much lower ionic conductivity to date (< 0.1 mS cm À 1 ), which is too low for practical applications. Hydride materials possess high ionic conductivity and ductility, but their complex synthesis requirements inhibit their practical application.…”