CO₂reduction using paper-derived carbon electrodes modified with copper nanoparticles

Abstract

Electrochemical reduction of CO2 on paper-derived carbon electrodes modified with metallic nanoparticles.

Rapid Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Using Paper-Derived Electrochemical Biosensors

“…As can be observed in Figure A, results obtained with the plain paper-derived carbon electrodes feature one clear anodic peak and the corresponding cathodic peak, where significant shifts in peak potential and distortions in both the anodic and cathodic peaks are noted as the sweep rates increase. This behavior, that is also observed when the signal is affected by uncompensated Ohmic drop, was attributed to the lateral resistance of the material; issue that becomes dominant where the change in the signal imposed is faster than the electron transfer process and that has been reported for many other (resistive) materials. − On the contrary, and while the response is far from reversible (requiring ΔEp = 59 mV), the incorporation of the layer of gold led to significant improvements in the electrochemical reaction (ΔEp between 83 and 278 mV, Figure B) with respect to the bare electrode. Additionally, it is important to note that the peak current obtained at 500 mV s –1 with the gold-modified electrode is substantially larger (approximately twice as large) than that of the commercial glassy carbon electrode (both displaying the same geometrical area, 0.125 cm 2 , Supporting Information Figure S2) at the same scan rates.…”

An Electrostatic Model to Understand and Adjust the Orientation of Adsorbed Proteins via an External Electric Field

“…Following the procedure described in previous publications from our group, 43,44 we used electrodes obtained by pyrolysis of paper strips (4.5 cm × 1.5 cm; Whatman 3MM chromatography paper; GE Health Care; Pittsburgh, PA) using a tube furnace (Type F21100, Barnstead-Thermolyne; Dubuque, IA, USA). The quartz tube was first flushed with forming gas ( 5% H 2 / 95% Ar, 1 L/min) for 5 min (to remove the O 2 and avoid oxidation reactions)…”

Scalable and green formation of graphitic nanolayers produces highly conductive pyrolyzed paper toward sensitive electrochemical sensors

“…Recent efforts have also aimed to boost the PP electrical conductivity by loading paper strips with a metal precursor solution followed by the pyrolysis process. 13–16 This one-step graphitization leads to not only the creation of conductive graphitic structures carrying C sp 2 , but also the in situ generation of free electron-rich structures ( e.g. , metallic coating or nanoparticles) with catalytic capability and electrochemical activity toward non-enzymatic applications in the energy field 13 and sensitive determination of target traces.…”

“…The brittleness hurdle can be solved by the addition of carbon nanotubes, 8 partial permeation of soft polymers within the PP pores, [9][10][11] and use of chitosan as a binder. 12 Regarding the hydrophobicity issue, oxidation of the PP substrate in air plasma, 13 pre-wetting the electrode with an alcohol, 10 and coating with hydrophilic 9 or amphiphilic 11 nanolayers are efficient strategies to improve the PP wettability by aqueous solutions. These coatings can also enable the gradual flow of samples through PP pores 10 and provide the antibiofouling ability, 11 leveraging low-hindrance charge transfer reactions across the entire paper thickness and then allowing sensitive and accurate analyses even in complex samples.…”

“…Recent efforts have also aimed to boost the PP electrical conductivity by loading paper strips with a metal precursor solution followed by the pyrolysis process. [13][14][15][16] This one-step graphitization leads to not only the creation of conductive graphitic structures carrying C sp 2 , but also the in situ generation of free electron-rich structures (e.g., metallic coating or nanoparticles) with catalytic capability and electrochemical activity toward nonenzymatic applications in the energy field 13 and sensitive determination of target traces. 15,16 Another recently published strategy is the sputtering of a thin layer of Au on the backside of the sensor, which is intended to decrease the overall resistivity of the substrate by diminishing the lateral resistivity between the electrical contacts and the detection area of the electrode.…”