CO2-EOR and storage design optimization

Ettehadtavakkol, Amin; Lake, Larry W.; Bryant, Steven L.

doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.04.006

Cited by 156 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The CO 2 mixes with the stranded oil, changing the oil property and making the immobile oil mobile and producible. CO 2 -EOR has been widely studied for the last 40 years and is already in use in several countries [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oil is sold, the water is recycled and the CO 2 is compressed and readied for underground reinjection. The injected CO 2 ends up trapped by physical and capillary mechanisms and will remain sequestered at the depth [1,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reservoir properties (porosity, permeability) affect the field response to the CO2-storage process and determine the effectiveness of the CO2 injection for the EOR [3]. In carbonate reservoirs, the petrophysical properties generally are controlled by the presence and the distribution of naturally fractures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fractures are high permeability pathways for fluid migration in a low permeability rock matrix [4,5]. Most carbonate reservoirs are naturally fractured, causing significant amounts of water and CO 2 to be produced together with the main stream from the production well during the CO 2 -EOR process [3,4]. For the oil companies, this is economically, operationally and environmentally challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The result is poor sweep efficiency and potentially low oil recovery, due to very early breakthrough of water and CO 2 [12]. The oil production performance from fractured carbonate reservoirs is nearly half the production from other reservoirs, whereas the CO 2 utilization is about 60% less [3,4]. Presumed petrophysical properties of carbonate reservoirs are presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of CO₂ in fractured carbonate reservoirs

Furuvik¹,

Moldestad²

2017

Int. J. EQ

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Deep geologic injection of supercritical carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) has been widely used for improved oil recovery from depleted oilfields since early 1970s. The CO 2 injection maintains the pressure, mobilize the oil and release the petroleum resources that would otherwise be inaccessible. In addition to improving the oil recovery, the CO 2 -EOR contributes to minimize the impact of CO 2 -emissions to the atmosphere. The injected CO 2 will be remained trapped in the underground geological formations, as the CO 2 replace the oil and water in the pores. Carbonate reservoirs are characterized by low permeability and high heterogeneity, resulting in early breakthrough of gas and water and hence low oil recovery. The presence of naturally fractures in carbonate reservoirs is a major problem for the oil industry using CO 2 -EOR, because significant amount of CO 2 are recycled to the well, and thereby not distributes in the reservoir. This study focuses on CO 2 injection into a naturally fractured carbonate reservoir, including near-well simulations of CO 2 -distribution in the rock matrix. The simulations are carried out using the reservoir simulation software Rocx in combination with OLGA. The simulations show that CO 2 -injection into a naturally fractured carbonate reservoir in combination with closing of the fractured zones result in good distribution of CO 2 in the reservoir.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Distribution of CO₂ in fractured carbonate reservoirs

Furuvik¹,

Moldestad²

2017

Int. J. EQ

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Storage compliance in coupled CO₂‐EOR and storage

Ettehad

2013

Greenhouse Gases

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CO 2 storage compliance refers to the safe and consistent storage of a captured anthropogenic CO 2 slug in an underground geological structure. This paper investigates the storage compliance in coupled CO 2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and storage projects. Storage compliance requires an oilfi eld operator to maintain suffi cient CO 2 injection and storage capacities throughout an industrialscale CO 2 capture and EOR-storage operation. We investigate the uncertainty in two operational parameters that may raise a compliance consideration: annual captured CO 2 from the power plant and CO 2 injection loss in the oilfi eld. The objective is to maintain suffi cient CO 2 injection and storage capacities and maximize the economic benefi ts from the EOR-storage operation. We formulate and optimize the storage compliance problem using the method of optimization with Monte Carlo simulation. The results show that appropriate adjustment of the water-alternating-gas (WAG) ratio increases both the compliance and the economic benefi ts. Also, a CO 2 storage back-up in a saline aquifer allows the oilfi eld operator to implement more profi table EOR-storage designs. A risk-seeking operator may practice the saline aquifer back-up option to simultaneously maximize the benefi ts and mitigate the risk of storage capacity shortage. Finally, EOR-storage operation is less effi cient than aquifer storage in terms of storage effi ciency, and considerably more profi table in terms of tangible economic benefi ts.

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Co‐optimization of CO₂‐EOR and storage processes in mature oil reservoirs

et al. 2016

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This paper presents an optimization methodology for CO2 enhanced oil recovery in partially depleted reservoirs. A field‐scale compositional reservoir flow model was developed for assessing the performance history of an active CO2 flood and for optimizing both oil production and CO2 storage in the Farnsworth Unit (FWU), Ochiltree County, Texas. A geological framework model constructed from geophysical, geological, and engineering data acquired from the FWU was the basis for all reservoir simulations and the optimization method. An equation of state was calibrated with laboratory fluid analyses and subsequently used to predict the thermodynamic minimum miscible pressure (MMP). Initial history calibrations of primary, secondary and tertiary recovery were conducted as the basis for the study. After a good match was achieved, an optimization approach consisting of a proxy or surrogate model was constructed with a polynomial response surface method (PRSM). The PRSM utilized an objective function that maximized both oil recovery and CO2 storage. Experimental design was used to link uncertain parameters to the objective function. Control variables considered in this study included: water alternating gas cycle and ratio, production rates and bottom‐hole pressure of injectors and producers. Other key parameters considered in the modeling process were CO2 purchase, gas recycle and addition of infill wells and/or patterns. The PRSM proxy model was ‘trained’ or calibrated with a series of training simulations. This involved an iterative process until the surrogate model reached a specific validation criterion. A sensitivity analysis was first conducted to ascertain which of these control variables to retain in the surrogate model. A genetic algorithm with a mixed‐integer capability optimization approach was employed to determine the optimum developmental strategy to maximize both oil recovery and CO2 storage. The proxy model reduced the computational cost significantly. The validation criteria of the reduced order model ensured accuracy in the dynamic modeling results. The prediction outcome suggested robustness and reliability of the genetic algorithm for optimizing both oil recovery and CO2 storage. The reservoir modeling approach used in this study illustrates an improved approach to optimizing oil production and CO2 storage within partially depleted oil reservoirs such as FWU. This study may serve as a benchmark for potential CO2–EOR projects in the Anadarko basin and/or geologically similar basins throughout the world. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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CO2-EOR and storage design optimization

Cited by 156 publications

References 27 publications

Distribution of CO₂ in fractured carbonate reservoirs

Distribution of CO₂ in fractured carbonate reservoirs

Storage compliance in coupled CO₂‐EOR and storage

Co‐optimization of CO₂‐EOR and storage processes in mature oil reservoirs

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CO2-EOR and storage design optimization

Cited by 156 publications

References 27 publications

Distribution of CO2 in fractured carbonate reservoirs

Distribution of CO2 in fractured carbonate reservoirs

Storage compliance in coupled CO2‐EOR and storage

Co‐optimization of CO2‐EOR and storage processes in mature oil reservoirs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Distribution of CO₂ in fractured carbonate reservoirs

Distribution of CO₂ in fractured carbonate reservoirs

Storage compliance in coupled CO₂‐EOR and storage

Co‐optimization of CO₂‐EOR and storage processes in mature oil reservoirs