“…The peaks at 853.2 and 870.5 eV are assigned to Ni 2p 3/2 and 2p 1/2 spin–orbit signals from Ni–P, while the peaks at 856.8 eV (Ni 2p 3/2 ) and 874.5 eV (Ni 2p 1/2 ) are attributed to Ni–O bonds. − The two accompanying satellite peaks at 861.5 and 880.1 eV further confirm the presence of Ni 2+ and Ni 3+ . , As shown in Figure c, the Co 2p spectrum can also be deconvoluted into two pairs. The main peaks at 778.2 and 792.9 eV are ascribed to Co 2p 3/2 and 2p 1/2 spin–orbit signals of Co–P, while the peaks at 781.3 eV (Co 2p 3/2 ) and 797.8 eV (Co 2p 1/2 ) are assigned to Co–O. ,, Signals at 785.8 and 802.7 eV correspond to its satellite peaks, which further prove the existence of Co 2+ and Co 3+ . − For P 2p (Figure d), the high-resolution spectrum is fitted by three subpeaks, and the deconvoluted peaks located at 129.4 and 130.3 eV are ascribed to P 2p 3/2 and 2p 1/2 , respectively, which mainly derive from metal phosphides, ,,, while the wide peak at high binding energy of 134.1 eV is attributed to P–O, which further suggests the surface oxidation of Ni 2 P/Co 2 P HNFs in the air.…”