CO2PipeHaz: Quantitative Hazard Assessment for Next Generation CO2 Pipelines

Woolley, Robert; Fairweather, Michael; Wareing, C. J.; Falle, S. A. E. G.; Mahgerefteh, H; Martynov, Sergey; Brown, Solomon; Narasimhamurthy, Vagesh D.; Storvik, Idar E.; Sælen, Lene; Skjold, Trygve; Economou, Ioannis G.; Tsangaris, Dimitrios M.; Boulougouris, Georgios C.; Diamantonis, Nikolaos I.; Cuscó, L.; Wardman, Mike; Gant, Simon; Wilday, Jill; Zhang, Yong Chun; Chen, Shaoyun; Proust, Christophe; Hebrard, Jérôme; Jamois, Didier

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.274

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Understanding the processes occurring inside a CO 2 pipeline during outflow is essential to 3 / 31 investigating fracture propagation and atmospheric dispersion of the inventory [12][13][14][15][16]. For an initially high pressure inventory, whether gaseous, dense phase or supercritical, there is likely to be a complex phase-transition as CO 2 decompresses during pipeline blowdown [10]. The rupture of a CO2 pipeline will result in a series of expansion waves that propagate into the undisturbed fluid in the pipe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure response and phase transition in supercritical CO2 releases from a large-scale pipeline

Guo

Yan

et al. 2016

Applied Energy

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As part of the Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) process, pipeline transportation of dense phase CO2 is the safest and most economic option for delivering captured CO2 to a storage site .However, in the event of pipeline rupture an enormous mass of CO2 may be released very rapidly, presenting several risks to the pipeline and surrounding population including the significantly increased risk of brittle fracture in the pipe wall. The study of pressure variation and phase change in CO 2 during pipeline blowdown can contribute to the understanding of brittle fracture initiation and propagation, as well as downstream CO 2 diffusion behaviour. As part of the CO2QUEST project, a reusable, industrial scale pipeline experimental apparatus with a total length of 258 m and the inner diameter of 233 mm was fabricated to study CO 2 pipeline blowdown. A dual-disc blasting device was used to remotely control the opening of the pipeline, three different orifice diameters were used in experiments (15 mm, 50 mm and Full Bore Rupture). Different initial conditions in the inventory were achieved by heating the charged * Corresponding author.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure response and phase transition in supercritical CO2 releases from a large-scale pipeline

Guo

Yan

et al. 2016

Applied Energy

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“…It is inferred that the nano-silica SC-CO 2 jets need a larger distance to reach their maximum erosion capacity. This is most likely due to the fact that the nano-silica particles in the jet flow require a longer time and distance to speed up to a velocity that causes a strong erosion effect, effectively damaging the rock [39][40][41]. In addition, after the standoff distance exceeds the optimum value, the erosion ability of the jets greatly decreases.…”

Section: Effect Of Nano-silica Additive Under Different Standoff Distmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Nano-Silica Additive on the Rock Erosion Characteristics of a SC-CO2 Jet under Various Operating Conditions

et al. 2017

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Abstract:In order to improve the erosion capacity of a supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2 ) jet, the influence of a nano-silica additive on the rock erosion characteristics was experimentally investigated. By impinging the SC-CO 2 jets with nano-silica mass fractions of 0 wt % (pure SC-CO 2 jet), 3 wt %, 6 wt %, 9 wt %, 12 wt %, 15 wt %, and 18 wt % on specimens of red sandstone, the erosion volumes under various operating conditions were measured and analyzed. Results show that an appropriate amount of nano-silica additive can greatly enhance the erosion ability of a SC-CO 2 jet. The effect on the erosion ability largely depends on the operating conditions. For instance, when the other conditions are fixed, 6 wt %, 9 wt %, 12 wt %, and 15 wt % were the optimum mass fractions, successively, with the inlet pressure increasing from 30 MPa to 60 MPa. With the increase in ambient pressure, the optimum mass fraction is unchanged under the constant inlet pressure, while it increases under the constant pressure drop. Additionally, the optimum mass fraction decreases when the fluid temperature increases. In addition, the optimal standoff distances are about five times the nozzle diameter of the nano-silica SC-CO 2 jet, and three times for the pure jet. This research provides a new method for effectively enhancing the rock erosion performance of a SC-CO 2 jet.

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“…The scale and safety requirements of CCS application determine that pipeline transportation is the primary means of CO 2 transportation, due to its high efficiency and good economy . It is reported that a great deal of pipelines will need to be constructed in more densely populated areas, where multiple anthropogenic sources exist . Pipelines usually suffer from failure risks, either puncture or full‐bore rupture, caused by mechanical damage, corrosion, material defects, or operational error .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the CO 2 depressurization process after accidental release from an initially liquid or supercritical state to ambient conditions, the pressure and temperature drop significantly owing to the expansion and subsequent high Joule–Thomson cooling effect, which causes the complex phase transition of CO 2. There have been several large research projects focusing on CO 2 release behaviour, including COOLTRANS, CO2PipeTrans, CO2PipeHaz, CO2QUEST, and COSHER . This research is very helpful for understanding the safety issues related to CO 2 transportation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental investigation on pressure response and phase transition of supercritical carbon dioxide releases from a small‐scale pipeline

Yan

Zhu

et al. 2018

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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The prediction of the pressure response and phase transition in the event of an accidental carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) release from a ruptured pipeline is of significant importance for understanding the depressurization behaviour and hence the fracture behaviour. This article presented a small-scale experimental investigation on the pressure response and phase transition of supercritical CO 2 release from a pressurized pipeline with a relief orifice. High-frequency transducers and thermocouples were used to measure the evolution of CO 2 pressures and temperatures at different locations after release. The results indicated that pressures at different locations decreased nearly synchronously after release. No vapour bubble and pressure rebound generated in larger scale release experiments were found in our small-scale release experiments. The depressurization rate was greatly affected by the phase transition. During the release process, the supercritical CO 2 firstly turned into an unstable gas with a very great depressurization rate, then changed into the gas-liquid phase with a lower depressurization rate, and finally changed into gaseous CO 2 . The larger the relief diameter was, the longer the gas-liquid phase state lasted.

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CO2PipeHaz: Quantitative Hazard Assessment for Next Generation CO2 Pipelines

Cited by 38 publications

References 20 publications

Pressure response and phase transition in supercritical CO2 releases from a large-scale pipeline

Pressure response and phase transition in supercritical CO2 releases from a large-scale pipeline

Effects of a Nano-Silica Additive on the Rock Erosion Characteristics of a SC-CO2 Jet under Various Operating Conditions

An experimental investigation on pressure response and phase transition of supercritical carbon dioxide releases from a small‐scale pipeline

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