“…The development of robust, cost-effective, and high-activity catalysts to reduce energy barriers and improve the reaction efficiency has received increasing attention. Recently, organic-modulated metallic materials, − oxides, − oxyhydroxides, − nitrides, − sulfides, , phosphides, , and also non-noble metal-based − OER catalysts have shown excellent electrocatalytic activity for water oxidation. Currently, cobalt (Co)-derived catalysts demonstrate better activity for OERs. , During the water oxidation reaction, the Co-derived catalyst undergoes several intermediate steps involving primary electrochemical phase conversion from a hydroxyl (−OH) to (oxy)hydroxyl (−OOH). ,, This type of phase conversion can tune the Gibbs free energy of adsorbed hydrogen, resulting in balanced metal–OH bonding, which will help improve the intrinsic catalytic activity of the OER.…”