Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Neonatal Blood: How Concerning?

Ansari, Farheen; Banerjee, Tuhina; Kumar, Ashok; Anupurba, Shampa

doi:10.1055/s-0042-1757411

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…17 In contrast, in the pediatric population, methicillin resistance was found to be 70% in the present study, which is very similar (70%) to that reported by Ansari et al, ranging from 40% to 100% among various CoNS species. 18 None of the isolates in the present study showed resistance to vancomycin and linezolid which was similar to previous studies, 19,20 where vancomycin-resistant CoNS detection was performed on various clinical isolates and nasal samples respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Coagulase-negative Staphylococci – A True Pathogen in Bloodstream Infections and their Resistance Patterns in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Anitha,

Sijimol,

Akila

et al. 2024

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are primary skin commensals that have long been considered contaminants even when grown in blood cultures. This group of organisms has been recently recognized as a potential causative pathogen of septicemia. This increase has been attributed to the increased use of intravascular and prosthetic devices. Hence, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of CoNS as a true pathogen in adult and pediatric blood cultures along with their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. A total of 1076 adult and 611 pediatric blood cultures were subjected to an automated BacT/ALERT continuous monitoring system. Isolated CoNS were considered true pathogens if they met the diagnostic, clinical, and laboratory criteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for pathogenic CoNS was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and interpreted as per CLSI 2021. CoNS were considered true pathogens in 23 (42.5%) of 54 adults and 12 (41.3%) of 29 pediatric CoNS isolated from blood cultures. Methicillin-resistant CoNS was detected in 66% and 70% of adult and pediatric cultures, respectively. All the CoNS isolates were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) can either be a contaminant or a true pathogen, whose discrimination based on clinical and laboratory indices plays a pivotal role in the management of patients with sepsis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Coagulase-negative Staphylococci – A True Pathogen in Bloodstream Infections and their Resistance Patterns in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Anitha,

Sijimol,

Akila

et al. 2024

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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“…Such invasive infections caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci typically proceed less aggressively than those caused by Staphylococcus aureus, and are more prolonged over time. However, in recent years, they have become of increasing clinical importantance [10,11,12,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case of exudative pleuritis caused by Staphylococcus warneri

Szymański,

Skiba,

Piasecka

2023

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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This paper discusses the case of a patient with exudative bacterial pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus warneri. The patient had been abusing alcohol and nicotine for several decades, which should be considered an immunosuppressive factor. Staphylococcus warneri is part of the skin microbiome, but can also be a pathogenic agent in certain circumstances. Pleural fluid is an unusual site of isolation for the staphylococcus described. The literature contains case reports of arthritis, endocarditis, urinary tract infection or infection associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis caused by Staphylococcus warneri. With the development of medicine, the phenomenon of immunosuppression is becoming more common, posing the threat of an increase in invasive infections caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci. In addition, an overly liberal use of antibiotics may contribute to the generation of multidrug resistance in these micro-organisms.

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Characterization of Chlorhexidine Resistance Among Clinical Isolates of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus Species in a Tertiary Care Center, Chennai

Paranji Srirama,

Mariappan,

Sekar

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Background Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) are potential pathogens and are often associated with healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Chlorhexidine (CHX) is the most widely used antiseptic to reduce colonization and infection by all Staphylococci , including CoNS. Resistance to CHX among CoNS has been observed over the past few years, consequent to its widespread use. Phenotypic tolerance or reduced susceptibility to CHX is conferred by plasmid-mediated qac group of genes, mainly qacA/B and smr , which cause activation of efflux pumps over the bacterial cell wall. This study aims to characterize the phenotypic and genotypic resistance exhibited by CoNS species against CHX. Methods After ethical approval, 148 consecutive, non-repetitive isolates of clinically significant CoNS species of hospitalized patients, isolated from blood samples and exudative specimens, were included in the study. Speciation was performed by conventional biochemical identification and automated methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion technique and for vancomycin by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination, as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M-100 2023 guidelines. Methicillin resistance was detected using a cefoxitin disc. MIC for CHX was performed by agar dilution method; reduced susceptibility was considered when MIC to CHX ≥4 µg/mL. The simplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out with suitable controls to detect qacA/B and smr . Statistical analysis was conducted to determine the association of qacA/B and smr genes with MIC of CHX in the study isolates. Results Fifteen different species of CoNS were obtained from clinical samples. A high percentage of resistance was observed against various classes of antibiotics. Methicillin resistance was observed in 69.6% (103/148) of isolates. Of 148 CoNS, 52.7% (78/148) of isolates exhibited reduced susceptibility to CHX with an MIC ≥4 µg/mL. These isolates exhibited a higher percentage of methicillin resistance (75.6%, 59/78). By PCR, 34.5% (51/148) of isolates carried either or both genes. Gene qacA/B was solely detected in 27.02% (40/148) of isolates, of which 14 were CHX-tolerant and the remaining 26 were CHX-susceptible. Gene smr was solely detected in 4.1% (6/148) of isolates comprising three isolates each in CHX-tolerant and susceptible categories . There were 3.4% (5/148) of isolates that harbored both genes, of which only one isolate was CHX-susceptible, while the other four were CHX-tolerant. A proportion of isolates that were phenotypically tolerant to CHX did not carry either or both genes. A significant statistical association was found between reduced susceptibili...

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Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Neonatal Blood: How Concerning?

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Coagulase-negative Staphylococci – A True Pathogen in Bloodstream Infections and their Resistance Patterns in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Coagulase-negative Staphylococci – A True Pathogen in Bloodstream Infections and their Resistance Patterns in a Tertiary Care Hospital

A case of exudative pleuritis caused by Staphylococcus warneri

Characterization of Chlorhexidine Resistance Among Clinical Isolates of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus Species in a Tertiary Care Center, Chennai

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